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FCC
Regulates radio and television
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This was used by the Court to uphold the conviction of 11 American Communist Party leaders.
Alien Registration Act
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This holds that First Amendment freedoms are more fundamental than other freedoms.
preferred position doctrine
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This urges resistance to lawful authority or advocates the overthrow of the government.
seditious speech
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Irving Feiner case
Precedent: police may dispense a demonstration to keep the peace
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Reynolds v. US
Bigamy Case, Freedom of Religion
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“Fighting words”
Provoke immediate violence
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Libel
Written defamatory speech
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challenged aid to parochial schools
Everson v. Board of Education
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Near case (Near v. Minnesota)
Defined court’s stance on censorship
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The Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier case gives school officials authority to regulate
student speech.
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Symbolic Speech is
Expression involving actions & symbols
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Abrams v. US
Anti- war group, Seditious Speech
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Slander
Spoken defamatory speech
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This case stands as a precedent that police may dispense a demonstration to keep the peace.
the Irving Feiner case
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Board of Education v. Allen
State programs must provide secular textbooks for parochial schools
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Prior Restraint
Censorship of information before publication
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Reno v. ACLU (1997)
Internet is closer to print than broadcast media.
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These have more First Amendment protection than broadcasters, but less than newspapers.
cable operators
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second clause of First Amendment
free exercise clause
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These cases illustrate how the Court can change its interpretation of the Constitution.
flag salute cases
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This is considered commercial speech and is given less protection under the First Amendment.
advertising
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Everson v. Board of Education
Challenged aid to parochial schools
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Holocaust survivors in Skokie illustrated a free speech and assembly problem called the
heckler's veto
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Hazelwood School Dist. v. Kuhlmeier
School authorities can regulate religious meetings at school
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The Court ruled that liberty of expression by these means is guaranteed by the First and Fourteenth Amendments
motion pictures
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NY Times v. US
Pentagon papers, Freedom of Press
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Free Exercise Clause
Second clause of the 1st amendment
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The Equal Access Act
Allows student religious groups to meet in high schools receiving federal funds
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The Supreme Court has ruled that this must be protected speech
Unpopular ideas
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Establishment Clause
First clause of the 1st amendment
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Term written in the first amendment that means limited
abridged
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Seditious Speech is
Advocates the overthrow of the government
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Without this basic freedom, there would be no political parties.
freedom of assembly
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This is an example of unprotected speech because of public safety risks
“Clear and present danger’
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Holocaust
Nazi extermination of Jews
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Gag orders
Bars press from publishing certain information
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In the Board of Education v. Allen, the Court upheld state programs to provide these to parochial schools.
secular textbooks
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first clause of First Amendment
establishment clause
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Expression involving actions and symbols is
symbolic speech.
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Parochial schools are
Schools operated by a church or religious group
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Herdahl v. Ponotoc Co.
Praying over PA-system, Freedom of Religion
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The verbal expression of thought and opinion before an audience is
pure speech
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In Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union (1997), the court ruled that this was closer to print than to broadcast media
Internet
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Supreme Court decisions tend to
Follows precedent on religious freedoms
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Alien Registration Act
Used by court to uphold conviction of 11 Communist Party Leaders
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Shield Laws
Reporters protected from disclosing sources
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This allows student religious groups to meet in high schools receiving federal funds.
Equal Access Act
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usually follows precedent on religious freedoms
Supreme Court
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These give reporters protection against being forced to disclose confidential information.
shield laws
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Tinker v. Des Moines
Protest-Vietnam War, Freedom of Speech
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Unless there is a labor dispute, the Court has upheld laws that prohibit
picketing
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Bethel Dist #403 v. Fraser
Use of vulgar language in speech
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Texas v. Johnson
Flag burning, Freedom of Speech
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