Nasal Decongestants and Respiratory Enzymes

• No longer OTC
• Indications:Oral-temporary relief of nasal congestion due to common cold, hay fever, or other UR allergies, sinusitis, relief of eustachian tube congestion. Topical- symtomatic relief of nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosal congestion, adjunctive therapy of otitis media, may be useful in air travel to decrease ear block and pressure pain

• MOA: Sympathomimetic amines
• stimulates alpha1-adrenergic receptors of the cascular smooth muscle predominately, although ephedrine and pseudophedrine have Beta-adrenergic properties

Side effects: contraction of the GI and Urinary sphincters, mydriasis, decreased insulin secretion

contraindicated: patients taking MAOI, idiosyncratic dizziness, weakness, tremor or arrhythmias

Can develop tolerance

Many dI: B-blockers, MAO inhibitors, guanethidine phenylpropanolamine use concurrently with indomethacin can lead to hypertension

must sniff hard

• replaces pseudoephedrine as OTC
• can jack up blood pressure

Indications:Oral-temporary relief of nasal congestion due to common cold, hay fever, or other UR allergies, sinusitis, relief of eustachian tube congestion. Topical- symtomatic relief of nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosal congestion, adjunctive therapy of otitis media, may be useful in air travel to decrease ear block and pressure pain

• MOA: Sympathomimetic amines
• stimulates alpha1-adrenergic receptors of the cascular smooth muscle predominately, although ephedrine and pseudophedrine have Beta-adrenergic properties

Side effects: contraction of the GI and Urinary sphincters, mydriasis, decreased insulin secretion

contraindicated: patients taking MAOI, idiosyncratic dizziness, weakness, tremor or arrhythmias

Can develop tolerance

Many dI: B-blockers, MAO inhibitors, guanethidine phenylpropanolamine use concurrently with indomethacin can lead to hypertension

must sniff hard

• limited CNS access
• Partial agonist of Alpha 1 and alpha 2 adrenergic receptors

Indications:Oral-temporary relief of nasal congestion due to common cold, hay fever, or other UR allergies, sinusitis, relief of eustachian tube congestion. Topical- symtomatic relief of nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosal congestion, adjunctive therapy of otitis media, may be useful in air travel to decrease ear block and pressure pain

• MOA: Sympathomimetic amines
• stimulates alpha1-adrenergic receptors of the cascular smooth muscle predominately, although ephedrine and pseudophedrine have Beta-adrenergic properties

Side effects: contraction of the GI and Urinary sphincters, mydriasis, decreased insulin secretion

contraindicated: patients taking MAOI, idiosyncratic dizziness, weakness, tremor or arrhythmias

Can develop tolerance

Many dI: B-blockers, MAO inhibitors, guanethidine phenylpropanolamine use concurrently with indomethacin can lead to hypertension

must sniff hard

• Primary use: ophthalmic use
• linked to septal erosion when used chronically  

Indications:Oral-temporary relief of nasal congestion due to common cold, hay fever, or other UR allergies, sinusitis, relief of eustachian tube congestion. Topical- symtomatic relief of nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosal congestion, adjunctive therapy of otitis media, may be useful in air travel to decrease ear block and pressure pain

• MOA: Sympathomimetic amines
• stimulates alpha1-adrenergic receptors of the cascular smooth muscle predominately, although ephedrine and pseudophedrine have Beta-adrenergic properties

Side effects: contraction of the GI and Urinary sphincters, mydriasis, decreased insulin secretion

contraindicated: patients taking MAOI, idiosyncratic dizziness, weakness, tremor or arrhythmias

Can develop tolerance

Many dI: B-blockers, MAO inhibitors, guanethidine phenylpropanolamine use concurrently with indomethacin can lead to hypertension

must sniff hard

Indications:Oral-temporary relief of nasal congestion due to common cold, hay fever, or other UR allergies, sinusitis, relief of eustachian tube congestion. Topical- symtomatic relief of nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosal congestion, adjunctive therapy of otitis media, may be useful in air travel to decrease ear block and pressure pain

• MOA: Sympathomimetic amines
• stimulates alpha1-adrenergic receptors of the cascular smooth muscle predominately, although ephedrine and pseudophedrine have Beta-adrenergic properties

Side effects: contraction of the GI and Urinary sphincters, mydriasis, decreased insulin secretion

contraindicated: patients taking MAOI, idiosyncratic dizziness, weakness, tremor or arrhythmias

Can develop tolerance

Many dI: B-blockers, MAO inhibitors, guanethidine phenylpropanolamine use concurrently with indomethacin can lead to hypertension

must sniff hard

Purified from large pools of human plasma

Indications: Congenital alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency expressing as panacinar emphysema

Antitrypsin deficiency is chronic hereditary, usually fatal autosomal recessive disorder involving abnormally low concentrations of inhibitors--it leads to emphysema in the 3rd-4th decade

MOA: replacement of naturally deficient inhibitor