111.1 Describe the purpose, governing legal authorities, and intelligence support to the
following:
a. MIO
MIO = Maritime Interception Operation
Efforts to monitor, query, and board vessels in international waters to enforce sanctions against other nations, such as those in support of United Nations Security Council resolutions (UNSCRs), and/or prevent transport of restricted goods.
Legal Basis:
-Pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution - Article 41
-Flag State Consent
-Master's Consent
-Right of Visit (susp. piracy, illicit activity, etc.)
-Stateless Vessels
-Condition of Port Entry
-Bilateral/Mulilateral Agreements
-Law of Armed Conflict
-Inherent right to self-defense
111.1 Describe the purpose, governing legal authorities, and intelligence support to the
following:
b. EMIO
Expanded Maritime Interception Operatons
authorized by POTUS and directed by SecDef to deter, degrade, and/or disrupt or gather raw intelligence to potentially prevent attacks agains the US and its allies.
involves interception of vessels identified to be transporting targeted personnel or material that poses an imminent threat to the US and its allies.
111.1 Describe the purpose, governing legal authorities, and intelligence support to the
following:
c. Counter Proliferation
Operations against vessels suspected of carrying internationally restricted goods, arms, technologies, or substances that can be used in the production of, or are themselves defined as WMD.
111.1 Describe the purpose, governing legal authorities, and intelligence support to the
following:
d. Sanctions Enforcement
Operations against vessels suspected of violating UN Security Council resolutions forbidding the purchase or sale of sanctioned goods.
111.1 Describe the purpose, governing legal authorities, and intelligence support to the
following:
e. Homeland Security
Right to interdict ships that pose a threat to homeland security
111.1 Describe the purpose, governing legal authorities, and intelligence support to the
following:
f. VBSS
Visit, Board, Seach, and Seizure
Term used by US military and law enforcement agencies for maritime boarding actions and tactics.
VBSS teams are designed to capture enemy vessels, combat terrorism, piracy and smuggling, and to conduct custms, safety, and other inspections
111.2 Discuss Maritime Domain Awareness and Maritime Security Operations, to include:
MDA is defined by the international maritime organization as the effective understanding of anything associated with the maritime domain that could impact the security, safety, economy, or environment.
Maritime domain is defined as all areas and things of, on , under, relating to, adjacent to, or bordering on a sea, ocean, or other navigable waterway, including all maritiem-related activities, infrastructure, people, cargo, and vessels and other conveyances.
Maritime Security Operations
combat sea–based terrorism and other illegal activities, such as hijacking, piracy, and slavery, also known as human trafficking." Ships assigned to such operations may also assist seafaring vessels in distress. These activities are part of an overall category of activities which fall short of open warfare called military operations other than war (MOOTW). MSO also involve the marine environmental protection, creating a safer and clean environment.
111.2 Discuss Maritime Domain Awareness and Maritime Security Operations, to include:
a. Maritime domain intelligence sources
111.2 Discuss Maritime Domain Awareness and Maritime Security Operations, to include:
b. Maritime traffic analysis (Vessel/Contact of Interest development)
Data showing the location and characteristics of vessels in US and international waters are obtained from the US Coast Guard's Automatic Identification System (AIS), an onboard navigational safety device. Data used for planning traffic analysis, etc.
111.3 Five phases of MIO:
a. Detection and surveillance
b. Query, approach and stopping
c. Board and search
d. Debarkation
e. Post-boarding
111.3 Discuss intelligence support to the five phases of MIO:
A. Detection and surveillance
- ship sensors, MPRA, NTM
b. Query, approach and stopping
- type of ships, best approach, weakness and best speed
c. Board and search
-ship diagrams, personnel on board, weapons, historics of ships, etc.
d. Debarkation
e. Post-boarding
-Exploitation of material discovered, AAR
111.4 Discuss how intelligence supports SSC missions in support of MIO/VBSS.
SSC - Surface Search Coordination
Use organic and non-organic ISR assets
111.5 Define and discuss how intelligence supports MDA for the following:
a. Vital area
b. Surveillance area
c. CIEA
Vital area
a designated area or installation to be defended by air defense units
Surveillance area
the operational environment that equals the force's ability to conduct a systematic observation of a surface area using all available and practical means to detect any vessel of possible military concern
Classification, Identification, and Engagement Area
Area within the surveillance area and surrounding the vital area(s) in which all objects detected must be classified, identified, and monitored.
and the capability maintained to escort, cover, or engage
111.6 Discuss the following messages sent in support of MIO/VBSS:
a. AAR
b. SHIR
c. IIR
d. Evidence Package
After Action Review/Report
detailed report documenting actions and observations that occurred during the operation. Likely created by personnel actively involved
SHip's Intelligence (?) Report
Intelligence Information Report
primary vehicle for HUMINT reporting
Evidence Package
Evidence obtained during the MIO/VBSS
111.7 Describe the role, composition, and capabilities of a MIO IET.
Maritime Interception Operation Intelligence Exploitation Team-8 man teams to conduct exploit ops ISO JFMCC or NCC. Coord with NEIC.
-ONI serves as reachback
111.8 Describe the information contained in each of the following databases and products and how they support MIO and surface warfare operations:
a. ONI SEALINK
b. MIO Database (SEAPORT)
c. SHISL
d. NHISL
e. International Maritime Bureau Piracy Reports
111.9 Discuss the mission and capabilities of SNOOPIE Team.
Ship's Nautical or Otherwise Photographic Interpretation and Examination
-charged with collecting on surface and air contacts that come in close proximity to US Navy vessel.
-Considered HUMINT reporting
-Provide information to Tactical Action Officer or OOD so they may properly assess intent or send aircraft to investigate
-Still photography, FMV
-less than an hour to upload, export data, classify final product and inform personnel
111.10 Discuss the purpose and content of OPTASK VI.
OPTASK Visual Information
Captures still photo and video of unsafe and unprofessional interactions by foreign militaries against US assets in order to counter propaganda and misinformation by foreign countries.
-Navy wide tasking
111.11 Discuss the INCSEA agreement and its operational implications.
Incidents at Sea Agreement
Bilateral agreement between US and Russia (then Soviet Union), signed in 1972.
-codified mutual interest of both sides in promoting safety of flight when operating on and over international waters.
-Specified annual consulatations to review compliance.
examples:
-steps to avoid ship collision
-informing when subs operating near other party
-not simulating attacks at, launcing objects toward, or illuminating the bridge
-surveillance ships to maintain safe distance,
-etc.
111.12 Discuss AIS and its importance.
automatic tracking system that uses transceivers on ships and is used by vessel traffic services.
Primary method of collision avoidance for water transport.
Similar to ADS-B (aircraft).
Provides:
-Collision avoidance
-Fishing fleeting monitoring/Control
-Maritime security (ships know identity)
-aids to navigation
-search and rescue
-accident investigation
-white shipping
-friendly and adversary location (unless wrong data...)
-OSINT possible
111.13 Discuss the mission and products provided by ONI SABER.
Surface Analysis Branch for Evaluation and Reporting-Part of Nimitz Operational Intelligence Center
-Conducts all-source operations in support of Fleet and Joint warfighting ops and national decision maker's requirements.
-Leading center for Global Maritime Intelligence integration and Maritime Domain Awareness.
