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Electrolyte
- a substance (as an acid, base, or salt) that when dissolved in a suitable solvent (as water) or when fused becomes an ionic conductor
- any of the ions (as of sodium, potassium, calcium, or bicarbonate) that in a biological fluid regulate or affect most metabolic processes (as the flow of nutrients into and waste products out of cells)—used especially in biology and biochemistry
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Colloid
- a gelatinous or mucinous substance found in tissues in disease or normally (as in the thyroid)
- a substance consisting of particles that are dispersed throughout another substance and are too small for resolution with an ordinary light microscope but are incapable of passing through a semipermeable membrane
- a mixture (as smoke) consisting of a colloid together with the medium in which it is dispersed
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Electronegativity
- charged with negative electricity
- having a tendency to attract electrons
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Activation Energy
the minimum amount of energy required to convert a normal stable molecule into a reactive molecule—called also energy of activation
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Salt
a crystalline compound NaCl that is the chloride of sodium, is abundant in nature, and is used especially to season or preserve food or in industry—called also common salt, sodium chloride
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Mixture
a product of mixing: as a : a portion of matter consisting of two or more components in varying proportions that retain their own properties b : an aqueous liquid medicine : potion ; specifically : a preparation in which insoluble substances are suspended in watery fluids by the addition of a viscid material (as gum, sugar, or glycerol)
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Solvent
that dissolves or can dissolve <solvent fluids> <solvent action of water>
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Catalyst
a substance (as an enzyme) that enables a chemical reaction to proceed under different conditions (as at a lower temperature) than otherwise possible
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Suspension
- the state of a substance when its particles are mixed with but undissolved in a fluid or solid
- a substance in this state—see oral suspension
- a system consisting of a solid dispersed in a solid, liquid, or gas usually in particles of larger than colloidal size
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Solute
a dissolved substance ; especially : a component of a solution present in smaller amount than the solvent
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Active Site
a region especially of a biologically active protein (as an enzyme) where catalytic activity takes place and whose shape permits the binding only of a specific reactant molecule
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