(Week 6) Everything surrounding the Pacific Ocean is often called the what?
Ring of Fire; Due to the volcanic activity associated w/ those plate boundaries
(Week 6) Which cloud type has no stars close by?
Emission Nebulae
Reflection Nebulae
-->Dark Nebulae
(Week 6) Which cloud type has a Glow with their own light and is Always Red in true color pictures?
-->Emission Nebulae
Reflection Nebulae
Dark Nebulae
(Week 6) Which cloud type reflects the light of nearby stars and is usually Blue?
Emission Nebulae
-->Reflection Nebulae
Dark Nebulae
(Week 6) Which planet formed at the nearest location to the Sun that was at a temp below the freezing point of water?
Jupiter
(Week 6) Which planet initially formed at the outermost location where the temp was high enough for water to be a liquid?
Mars
(Week 6) The overall composition of the Solar Nebulae is thought to have been very similar to the composition today of:
the Outer Layers of the Sun
(Week 6) The densities of planets far from the Sun are high or low and why?
Low because they became massive enough while forming to hold onto H and He
(Week 6) If you are standing on Mars, Earth is a(n) _______ planet
Inferior
(Week 6) When is the best time to observe an inferior planet (Venus or Mercury)?
Greatest elongation; Displays full range of phases
(Week 6) An active planet would most likely have which of the following?
-->Earthquakes
Heavy Cratering
-->Volcanic Activity
(Week 6) How do we know what the interior of the Earth looks like?
By studying earthquakes
(Week 6) Earth's core is ______
Liquid in the Outer core, Solid in the Inner part
(Week 6) What is the most likely scenario for the origin of the Moon?
It formed after the Earth was hit w/ a Mars-sized rogue planet (Giant Impact Theory)
(Week 6) The Moon is currently an active planet. True or False?
False; it is a Dead planet
(Week 6) What causes the continental and oceanic plates to move around?
Convection in the mantle
(Week 6) What is the correct order of steps in the formation sequence of a terrestrial planet?
Solar Nebular Collapse --> Condensation of grains --> Accretion of Planetesimals --> Clearing of Debris
(Week 6) There are originally 4000 atoms that have a half-life of 1000 years. How many of the original atoms will be left after 2000 years?
1000
(Week 6) What is the best interpretation of this cratering map?
Uniformly young
Uniformly old
Lower region resurfaced
-->Upper region resurfaced
(Week 7) The "limb" is the sideways angle (the edge) at which you're looking at a celestial body. True or False?
True
(Week 7) Mercury has scarps due to...
rapid shrinking of its core
(Week 7) The surface of Venus can only been seen with radar because...
the planet has a cloud cover too thick to see through
(Week 7) Venus has fewer/more craters than the Moon?
Fewer
(Week 7) Jovian planets are made entirely of gas. True or False?
False; called "Gas Giants", but most of their material is in liquid form, not gas
(Week 7) As you go deeper in Jupiter's atmosphere, the pressure decreases. True or False?
False; it increases
(Week 7) Mars has a surface very similar to the Moon. True or False?
False; Mars has a surface a little more similar to Earth
(Week 7) There are indications that Mars has had liquid water on its surface in the past. True or False?
True
(Week 7) Which terrestrial planet likely once had conditions conductive (beneficial) to life?
Mars
(Week 7) Which planets have High density and Solid surfaces?
Terrestrial
(Week 7) Which planets have Rapid rotation, Ring systems, and Strong magnetic fields?
Jovian
(Week 7) What makes the rotation of Venus most different from all the other planets in the Solar system?
It is backwards
(Week 7) Uranus and Neptune's blue color is due to the presence of high levels of what?
Methane
(Week 7) Helium condenses and rains down on Saturn's center, producing what?
Heat
(Week 7) Why does Venus have a runaway greenhouse effect while Earth does not?
Earth has oceans
(Week 8) Callisto shows no evidence of internal activity. True or False?
True
(Week 8) Is Eris a Planet, Dwarf Planet, Moon, or a Small Solar System body?
Eris is a Dwarf Planet
(Week 8) Is Ceres a Planet, Dwarf Planet, Moon, or a Small Solar System body?
Ceres is a Dwarf Planet
(Week 8) Is Eros a Planet, Dwarf Planet, Moon, or a Small Solar System body?
Eros is a Small solar system body
(Week 8) Is Ganymede a Planet, Dwarf Planet, Moon, or a Small Solar System body?
Ganymede is a Moon
(Week 8) Enceladus is, like its sister moon Mimas, a dead world. True or False?
False; Enceladus is active with Cryovolcanism
(Week 8) Europa shows that it experiences tidal heating with its what?
Subsurface Ocean
Smooth, Cracked Surface
(Week 8) The Galilean moons mirror the condensation sequence of the solar nebula with their decreasing _____ with distance from Jupiter.
Density
(Week 8) Io has strong tidal heating because it has a(n) ______ orbit
Elliptical
(Week 8) Why is it that Pluto & Neptune could never collide?
They have a 3:2 orbital resonance
(Week 8) The discovery of Pluto's moon Charon allowed astronomers to calculate Pluto's ________
Mass
(Week 8) "Irregular" moons commonly have _________ orbits
Retrograde orbits
(Week 8) What causes a ring to be narrow & confined?
Shepherd moons
(Week 8) Which moon(s) of Saturn show evidence of internal activity?
Enceladus
Titan
(Week 8) Which substance exists at its "triple point" on Titan?
Methane
(Pop Quiz) What protects the Earth from the Solar Wind?
Magnetic Field
(Pop Quiz) Where is the lighter material? Crust, Mantle, or Core?
Crust
(Pop Quiz) As you go deeper in a Jovian planet, the pressure and temp ________
Increases
(Pop Quiz) The most common element in Jovian planets is ________
Hydrogen
(Pop Quiz) Terrestrial planets have weaker/stronger/the same magnetic fields than/as Jovian planets?
Weaker
(Week 9) If you add up all of the mass in the Asteroid belt, it is actually way more than Mercury's mass. More than enough mass to make a planet. True or False?
False; Way less than Mercury's mass if added up together --- Was never enough mass there to make a planet
(Week 9) Most asteroids are too small to have internal heat to drive any kind of resurfacing. Only thing that changes them is impacts and/or weathering by solar winds (have no protection from that). True or False?
True; otherwise, pretty pristine samples/fossils/building blocks in formation of solar system/pieces of original Solar Nebula
(Week 9) Asteroids are only cosmic catastrophe we have power to save ourselves from. True or False?
True; We can track them, plot where they will be, and divert/nudge them away from our path
(Week 9) Radial Velocity method can only pick up a small percentage of all the planets (exoplanets) that are out there. True or False?
True; This is due to the fact that it needs to be lined up correctly in our line of sight and the movement needs to go towards us and away from us (the "wobble")
(Week 9) 51 Pegasi b is an example of a what?
A planet (specifically a Hot Jupiter); if it were to be an uppercase "B" or "A", that would represent a binary star
(Week 9) Certain groups of asteroids are known as asteroid families. They are asteroids that...
Originated in the same catastrophic collision
(Week 9) The Kirkwood Gaps in the main asteroid belt exist due to _______
Orbital resonances with Jupiter
(Week 9) Properties for Ecliptic Comets
Orbits the Sun
Low inclination orbit (near the ecliptic)
Mostly prograde orbits
(Week 9) Properties for Isotropic Comets
Orbits the Sun
Long period (1000s of years)
Often the most bright and spectacular of comets
Originate in the Oort Cloud
(Week 9) Near-Earth asteroids...
Could crash into a Terrestrial Planet
Could be ejected from the Solar System
(Week 9) The existence of extrasolar planets is typically known through...
Effects on Parent Star
(Week 9) The location of a star's habitable zone depends on its...
