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DNA
- Deoxyribonucleic acid
- stores, copies, and transmits information
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Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Nucleic acid made up of nucleotides joined into long stands by covalent bonds
- looks like a spiral staircase (double helix)
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Backbone of DNA
- Made out of alternating Phosphates and deoxyribose
- held together by strong covalent bonds
- antiparallel
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Rungs of “Latter”
- Created by nitrogenous bases
- bonded to deoxyribose with covalent bonds
- each rung: 1 Purine + 1 Pyrimidine
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Chargaff’s Rule
- Adenine~Thymine
- Guanine~Cytosine
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Purines and Pyrimidines
- Purines: Adenine & Guanine (2 carbon rings)
- Pyrimidines: Thymine & Cytosine (1 carbon ring)
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Hydrogen Bonds
- Weak bonds in between the bases
- two between Adenine and Thymine
- three in between Guanine and Cytosine
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Nucleotide
- Monomer of DNA polymer
- one phosphate, one deoxyribose, one nitrogenous base
- Two for each rung of latter
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