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Subcontinent
a large landmass that is smaller than a continent
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monsoon
a seasonal wind pattern that causes wet and dry seasons
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Sanskrit
the most important language of ancient India
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caste system
the division of Indian society into groups based on wealth, rank or occupation
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Hinduism
the main religion of India; it teaches that everything is part of a universal spirit called Brahman
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reincarnation
a Hindu and Buddhist belief that souls are born and reborn many times, each time into a new body
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karma
in Buddhism and Hinduism, the effects that good or bad actions have on a person's soul
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Jainism
an Indian religion based on the teachings of Mahavira that teaches all life is sacred
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nonviolence
the avoidance of violent actions
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Sikhism
a monotheistic religion that developed in India in the 1400's
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fasting
going without food for a period of time
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meditation
deep, continued thought that focuses the mind on spiritual ideas
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the Buddha
Siddhartha Gautama was the Buddha or "enlighten one"
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Buddhism
a religion based on the teachings of the Buddha that developed in India in the 500s BC
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nirvana
in Buddhism, a state of perfect peace
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missionaries
someone who works to spread religious beliefs
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Chandragupta Maurya
the founder of Maurya empire
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Asoka
ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent
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metallurgy
the study of metal
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alloys
a combination of metals
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Hindu-Arabic numerals
the list of numbers
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inoculation
the action of inoculating or of being inoculated
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astronomy
the branch of science that deals with stars
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