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Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
Phenelzine (Nardil)
Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
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Uses:
Most effective for treating non-endogenous and atypical depression that involve anxiety, reversed vegetative symptoms (hypersomnia, increased appetite), interpersonal sensitivity, and depressions that haven't responded to other antidepressants.
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Side Effects:
Hypertensive Crisis - can occur when MAOI is taken in conjunction with barbiturates, amphetamines, antihistamines, certain other drugs or foods containing amino acid tyramine (aged cheeses, beer, wine, chicken liver, avacados, bananas, fava beans).
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Side Effect: Anticholinergic effects
- dry mouth
- blurred vision
- nausea
- constipation
- sexual dysfunction
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Other Side Effects:
- insomnia
- agitation
- confusion
- skin rash
- weight gain
- edema
- headache
- dizziness
- tremor
- blood dyscrasia
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5-HT Toxicity
Occurs when MAOI is taken in conjunction with SSRI.
- neurological symptoms (headache, bystagmus, tremor)
- changes in mental state (irritability, confusion, coma)
- cardiac arrhythmia
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Overdose
- drowsiness
- ataxia
- irritability
- headache
- hypertension
- hallucinations
- delusions
- convulsions
- coma
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