Hand

  1. What are the acceptable angulation for MCB fracture?
    • Distal -> 15, 30 and 60º
    • Proximal -> 20, 30 and 40º
  2. Deforming forces for reverse Bennett fracture?
    • Medial fragment attached to hamate
    • Proximal MCB - proximal force and dorsal angulated by ECU
    • Head of MCB - adducted by hypothenar muscle
  3. What is hasting classification? And when is it being used in?
    • A classification for dorsal fracture dislocation of the PIPJ
    • - I - < 30% fracture fragment, stable
    • - II - 30-50% fracture fragment, stable/unstable (cut-off point 40º)
    • - III - > 50% fracture fragment, unstable

    Unstable -> OR and screw fix or kwire
  4. Where does the angulation in MCB fracture?
    • DORSAL apex
    • - neck fracture -> intrinsic pull (C)
    • - shaft fracture -> interossei pull
  5. Where is the common angulation site on P1 fracture?
    • VOLAR APEX:
    • - pulled by central slip
  6. Where does the fracture angulated in P2 fracture?
    Depending on the location of the fracture:

    Proximal to FDS insertion site -> APEX DORSALLY

    Distal to FDS insertion site -> APEX VOLARLY
  7. Acceptable criteria of MCB fracture displacement?
    • Rotatory angulation - 0º
    • Shortening < 5mm
    • Angulation - depends on the locations (15,20, 60º and 20, 30 and 40º)
  8. What is Bewerton’s view? And how to do it?
    It’s a xray view to visualise the head of MCB fracture

    MCPJ flexed to 60º and with the dorsum of P1-P3 lying on cassette film
  9. How does dislocations of MCPJ and IPJ being classified by?
    • simple and complex
    • - simple - can be reduced by CMR and without volar plate interposition
    • - complex - difficult to reduce and associated with volar plate interposition
  10. PIPJ dislocations and associated deformity?
    Volar dislocation - boutonnières dislocation -> central slip injury

    Dorsal dislocation - swan neck deformity -> volar plate injury
  11. Base of thumb fracture, types?
    • Bennett fracture
    • Rolando fracture
    • Transverse fracture
    • Salter-Harris fracture
  12. Mechanism of Bennett and Rolando fracture?
    Axial force
  13. Deforming force for Bennett fracture?
    Proximal volar fragment - anchored by the volar oblique ligament - still articulating with trapezium

    • Adductor pollicis muscle - attached to head of the P1
    • - supinate, ulnar angulated and adducted

    • APL and EPL - attached to the base of the P1
    • - proximal displacement
  14. Acceptable extra articular fracture displacement of thumb P1?
    • 30 degrees of angular deformity
    • Step off < 2mm
  15. What is Robert’s view? And how to perform?
    A true AP view of the thumb

    • Elbow extended and shoulder internal rotated
    • Dorsum of the thumb lying on the film
  16. What is rolando fracture?
    A comminuted intraarticular fracture of the base of the P1 of thumb
  17. How to reduce a Bennett fracture?
    Longitudinal traction and applying pronation, adduction and adduction of the thumb

    • Apply:
    • - dorsal force over the base of the thumb
    • - palmar force over the head of the thumb
Author
maxmillanhan
ID
353648
Card Set
Hand
Description
Updated