Video Production

A scanning of digital television. The p stands for progressive, which means that each complete television frame consists of 480 visible lines that are scanned one after another

A scanning system of digital television. P=progressive, 720 visible lines that are scanned one after the other. High definition television

high definition i=interlaced, which means that a complete frame is formed from two interlaced scanning fields. high end HDTV system

a signal that fluctuates exactly like the original stimulus

the smallest amount of information a computer can hold and process 8 bits (2/8) is called a byte

stands for compression-decompression. Can be one of several compression systems of digital video, graphics, and audio files.

temp rearrandement or elimination of redundant picture information for easier storage and signal transport.

pertaining to dara in the form of binary digits (on/off pulses)

higher image resolution advanced television (ATV)

1/2 of a complete scanning cycle, with two fields necessary for one television picture frame. In analog (NTSC) television, there are 60 fields, or 30 frames, per second

complete scanning cycle of electron beam

(fps) the time it takes to scan a complete frame

720p,1080i,1080p

a recording system that images of the same resolution as HDTV but with inferior colors

the scanning of all odd-numbered lines (first field) and then the even-numbered lines (second field) making a complete television frame

the consecutive scanning of lines from top to bottom

step in the digitization of analog signal. changes sampling points into discrete numerical values (0's and 1's)

number of complete scanning cycles per second (frames per second)

taking a number of samples (voltages) of the analog video or audio signal at equally spaced intervals

movement of the electron beam from left to right and from top to bottom on the telecision screen

Analog

data is sent in packets that are often out of order

you can open the file and listen to and watch the first part while the data delivery of the balance of the file is still in progress

digital process permits a great number of quick manipulations of audior and video info

Iris opening of a lens; usually measured in f-stops

optical device within the camera that splits the white light into 3 primary colors: red, green, and blue

a portable camera with the video recorder built into it

camera and the associated electronic equipement consisting of the power supply, the sync generator, and the camera control unit

equipement seperate from the actual camera that allows video operator to adjust color and brightness balance

solid-state imaging device that translates the optical image into a video signal (called a chip)

contains the RGB video signals or some combination thereof. also called color or c channel

highly portable, high-end self-contained camera for electronic field production

a lens that permits a relatively great amount of light to pass through at its largest aperture (lowest f-stop number). Can be used in low-light conditions.

with the lens set at infinity, the distance from the iris to the plane where the picture is in focis. (measured in mm or inches)

• scale on the lens, indicating the aperture
• Larger f stop number=the smaller the aperture
• Smaller the f stop number=the larger the aperture

Adjustable lens-opening mechanism

contains the black and white part of a video signal. Responsible for the sharpness of the picture

a lens that permits a relatively small amount of light to pass through, requires higher level of light

monitor, small video screen on camera

variable focal length

how much the focal length can be changed from a wide shot to a close-uo during a zoom

• The lens
• The imaging device
• The viewfinder

Fast IF it can't go below f4.5 it is quite slow

• - High quality lenses
• - shaper, excellent definition
• -16x9 aspect ratio

to move the camera in a slightly curved dolly or truck

to preset a zoom lens to keep in focus throughout the zoom

to tilt the camera sideways

to move the boom of the camera crane up or down. Also called boom

to move the camera toward (dolly in) or away from (dollly out) the object

a small camera crane that can be operated by the camera person

a device that connects the camera to its support. Also called pan-and-tilt head

to turn the camera horizontally

to move the camera up or down

a camera control that reduces the blurring of bright, fast-moving objects. The higher the shutter speed the less blurring occurs but the more light is needed.

a heavy camera dolly that permits raising and lowering the camera while on the air

to point the camera up or down

to move the broom with the camera from left to right or from right to left

a three-legged camera mount, Also called sticks.

to move the camera laterally by means of a mobile camera mount

adjustments of the color circuits in the camera to produce white color in lighting of various color temperatures (relative reddish or bluishness of white light)

to change the focal length of the lens through the use of a zoom control while the camera remains stationary

Leave the camera with care

use fully charged batteries

Examine all connections

Set the switches

always capture audio

Get in touch and in control: put on your head set to establish contact with the control room and video operator

test-zoom and focus-uncap camera check zoom and focus

move carefully

avoid nervous camera movements

anticipate your next shot

the relationship of the width of the screen to its height 4x3 Standard Television, 16x9 high-definition television

refers to how close the object seems to the viewer, or how much of the "field" or "scenery" in fron of you is in the shot

• Extreme Long Shot
• Long Shot
• Medium Shot
• Close-Up
• Extreme Close up

looks alternately at one or the other person, with the camera-near person completely out of the shot

directional screen force with varying strengths

created by lines or an arrangment of stationary objects that lead the eye in a general direction.

these are created by something that points in a specific direction;arrow, one way street, someone looking or pointing

created by an obhect that is actually moving or is perceived to be moving, on the screen

Factors: subject placement, headroom and leadroom, and horizon line

most stable and prominent picture area is screen-center

head placement, moving object give it somewhere to go, give them somewhere to look

parallel to the bottom of the screen

Mentally filling in missing visual information that will lead to a complete and stable configuration

indicates screen depth. Extends from camera lens to horizon