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Chapters 8 and 9

  1. Combining Form

    Ankyl/o
    Fused together; stiff
  2. Combining Form

    -Arthr/o

    -Articul/o
    Joint
  3. Combining Form

    Asthen/o
    without strength
  4. Combining Form

    Chondr/o
    Cartilage
  5. Combining Form

    Fixat/o
    To make still; stabilize
  6. Combining Form

    -Kin/o
    -Kinesi/o
    movement
  7. Combining Form

    Malac/o
    Softening
  8. Combining Form

    -My/o
    -Myos/o
    -Muscul/o
    Muscle
  9. Combining Form

    Myel/0
    Bone Marrow; Spinal Cord
  10. Combining Form

    Ortho/o
    Striaght
  11. Combining Form

    -Oste/o
    -Osse/o
    Bone
  12. Combining Form

    Sarc/o
    Specific Type of Connective Tissue
  13. Combining Form

    Scoli/o
    Curved; Crooked
  14. Combining Form

    Spondyl/o
    Vertebrae
  15. Combining Form

    Tax/o
    Reference Coordination
  16. Combining Form

    Troph/o
    Development
  17. Combining Form

    -Vert/o
    -Vers/o
    To Travel
  18. Suffixes

    immature cell leukoblast
    -blast
  19. Suffixes

    the process of drawing fluid with needle
    -centesis
  20. Suffixes

    Cell that breaks things down
    -clast
  21. Suffixes

    To fuse together
    -desis
  22. Suffixes

    resembling
    -oid
  23. Suffixes

    slipping
    -olisthesis
  24. Suffixes

    thing that produces
    -or
  25. Suffixes

    Person involved with disease 
    -path
  26. Suffixes

    the disease itself
    -pathy
  27. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    AKA
    Above the knee amputation
  28. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    BKA
    Below the Knee amputation
  29. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    DJD
    Degenerative Joint Disease
  30. Abbreviations and Acronyms
    -Fx
    -FX
    Fracture
  31. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    -LLE
    -LUE
    Left Lower Extremity, Left Upper Extremity
  32. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    NSAID
    NonSteriodal Anti-Inflammatory Drug
  33. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    ORIF
    Open Reduction Internal Fixation
  34. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    OA
    OsteoArthritis
  35. Abbreviations and Acronyms

    Range of Motion
    ROM
  36. Bone Structure

    Widened ends of the humerus or femur
    Epiphysis
  37. Bone Structure

    Straight shaft of the femur or humerus
    Diaphysis
  38. Bone Structure

    The surface of a bone is covered with__________.
    Periosteum
  39. Bone Structure

    Bone growth takes place at the________.
    Epiphysial Plate
  40. Bone Structure

    Along the diaphysis is a layer of dense compact cortical bone for weight bearing. Inside this is the _________, which is filled with __________ that contains fatty tissue.
    • -Medullary Cavity
    • -Yellow Bone Marrow
  41. Vertebral Disorder

    Crookedness that occurs affecting the vertebrae; chronic degenerative deformity that occurs
    Anklyosing spondylitis
  42. Vertebral Disorder

    Abnormal, excessive, anterior curvature of the lumbar spine, also known as swayback
    Lordosis
  43. Vertebral Disorder

    Abnormal, excessive, C-shaped, or S-shaped lateral curvature of the spine
    Scoliosis
  44. Vertebral Disorder

    Degenerative condition of the spine in which one vertebra moves anteriorly over another vertebra and slips out of proper alignment due to degeneration of the intevertebral disk
    Spondylolisthesis
  45. Combining Form


    Kyph/o
    Bent hunch back
  46. Vertebral Disorders


    Abnormal, Excessive, posterior curvature of the thoracic spine
    Kyphosis
  47. Joint Disorders

    Overstretching or tearing of a ligament
    Sprain
  48. Joint Disorders

    Pain around the joint
    Arthralgia
  49. Joint Disorders

    Inflammation around joint and bone
    Osteoarthritis
  50. Joint Disorders

    Autoimmune disorder affecting the joint
    Rheumatoid Arthritis
  51. Joint Disorders


    Commonly affected big toe
    Gout
  52. Joint Disorders


    Too much uric acid in the blood
    hyperuricemia
  53. Muscular Disorders 

    Strain
    Strain is muscle
  54. Muscular Disorders 

    Myalgia
    Muscle Pain
  55. Muscular Disorders 

    Fibromyalgia
    Specific muscle pain
  56. Muscular Disorders 

    Atropy
    Without development
  57. Muscular Disorders 

    Tear of muscle from point of orgin
    Avulsion
  58. Muscular Disorders 

    Contracture
    Inactivity or paralysis couples with continuing nerve impulses can cause an arm or leg muscle to become progressively flexed and drawn into a position where it becomes immovable
  59. Bone Physiology

    Minerals
    Calcium 90-95% of calcium in body stored in bone
  60. Bone Physiology

    Osteocytes
    Maintain and monitor the mineral content (calcium, phosphorus of the bone)
  61. Bone Physiology

    Osteoclasts
    Break down areas of old or damaged bone. Makes sure serum blood level of calcium doesn't get too low.
  62. Bone Physiology

    Osteoblasts
    Deposit new bone tissue in the areas the osteoclasts break down
  63. Joints


    Suture
    Between two cranial bones is immovable and contains no cartilage
  64. Three major classification of joints
    • -Suture
    • -Coronal Suture
    • -Sagittal Suture
  65. Joint


    Symphysis
    Such as the pubic symphysis or the joints between the vertebrae, is a slightly moveable joint with a fibrocartilage pad or disk between the bones
  66. Joint

    Synovial
    A fully moveable joint, 2 types, hinge joints (the elbow and the knee) that allow motion in two directions and ball-and-socket joints (the shoulder and the hip) that allow motion in many directions
  67. Muscle Classification

    Voluntary muscles that contract and relax in response to conscious thought
    Skeletal (striated)
  68. Muscle Classification

    Involuntary muscle that is not under conscious control
    Cardiac
  69. Muscle Classification

    are involuntary. They form a continuous, thin layer around many organs and structures (blood vessels, bronchi, intestines, etc.,)
    Smooth (nonstriated)
  70. Tendon
    Attach muscle to a bone
  71. Ligaments
    Connect muscle to each other
  72. Bursa
    Fluid filled sacs (synovial fluid) acts as cushion to reduce friction
  73. Fascia
    a thin connective tissue that joins with the tendon
  74. Bone & Cartilage Disorders

    Tumor of bone/Cancerous or benign
    Osteoma
  75. Bone & Cartilage Disorders

    Condition of Bone Softening
    Osteomalacia
  76. Bone & Cartilage Disorders

    Infection of Bone & bone marrow
    Osteomyelitis
  77. Bone & Cartilage Disorders

    Noncancerous tumor of cartilage
    Chondroma
  78. Bone & Cartilage Disorders

    Softening of cartilage
    Chondromalacia
  79. Bone & Cartilage Disorders

    Fracture
    A break, especially the breaking of a bone or cartilage
  80. Bone & Cartilage Disorders

    Osteoporosis
    Abnormal condition where bone is demineralized
  81. Surgical removal of a limb or digit
    Amputation
  82. Removing fluid from joint
    Arthrocentesis
  83. Fusion of bones to create stability
    Arthrodesis
  84. The process to view the joint
    Arthroscopy
  85. Joint replacement
    Arthroplasty
  86. Procedure to partially or totally remove fascia
    Fasciectomy
  87. Procedure to cut the fascia and release pressure from built up blood and tissue fluid in a patient with compartment syndrome
    Fasciotomy
  88. Process by which a broken bone is put back in place
    Reduction
  89. Type of Reduction
    • -Closed: cast (relating to skin)
    • -Open: Surgery
  90. Fixation
    • Surgical procedure when bone is broken, hardware placement to aid healing
    • -external
    • -internal
  91. Myorrhaphy
    Suture of muscle
  92. Tenorrhaphy
    Suture of tendon
  93. Diagnostic Procedures

    Electromyography
    Electromyogram process of recording muscle electricity
  94. Diagnostic Procedures

    Arthrogram looking at joint
    arthrography
  95. CPK
    • Enzyme released by muscle- rheumatoid Factor (RF)
    • -creatine phosphokinase
  96. Combining Form

    Myocardi/o
    • Heart Muscle
    • -myocardium
  97. Combining Form

    Tend/o
    • Tendon
    • -tenoplasty
  98. Combining Form
     
    Carp/o
    • wrist
    • -Carpal
  99. Combining Form

    Cervic/o
    • Neck
    • -Cervical
  100. Combining Form

    Crani/o
    • Skull
    • -Craniotomy
  101. Combining Form

    Thorac/o
    • Chest
    • -thoracic
  102. Combining Form

    Vertebr/o
    • Vertebra
    • -Intervertebral
  103. This combining form refers to fingers or toes
    Dactyl/o
  104. The medical term spondylosis refers to this body part
    vertebrae
  105. This combining word means crooked or stiff
    ankyl/o
  106. This membrane lines the joint capsule and provides lubrication between the bone and joint
    synovial
  107. Polydactyly is the presence of
    extra finger/toes
  108. Chronic, progressive inflammatory disease of the spine, eventually leads to reduced range of motion and deformity
    ankylosing spondylitis
  109. This is a spinal deformity characterized by an anteroposterior curvature of the lumbar spine
    lordosis
  110. Patient will undergo a lumbar ARTHRODESIS, with anticipated pain relief as a result of improved vertebral ali
    fusion
  111. This procedure involves replacing a damaged join with a prothesis
    arthroplasty
  112. This is a general term which means to realign a broken bone
    reduction
  113. This is a spinal deformity characterized by an extreme flexion; humpback
    Kyphosis
  114. This is the medical term to describe lack of muscle coordination during movement, especially walking
    ataxia
  115. These bone cells are responsible for breaking down bone in order to release calcium
    osteoblasts
  116. A pin inserted to realign the bone is what type is what type of reduction
    Open
  117. Abnormally slow muscle movement is known as
    Bradykinesia
  118. The medical term for drooping of the eyelid(s) is
    Ptosis
  119. This disease causes inflammation and weakness of muscles as well as a skin rash
    Dermatomyositis
  120. _______ medical term used to describe movement of a body part away from the midline while_____:movement towards the midline
    Abduction; adduction
  121. This condition is characterized by chronic musuloskeletal pain lasting more than 6 months
    Fibromyalgia
  122. This condition is characterized by inflammation of a tendon and its covering
    tenosynovitis
  123. Combining Form 

    Alg/o
    Pain
  124. Prefix

    A-
    away from; without
  125. Suffix


    -gram
    a record or picture
  126. Suffix

    -graphy
    Process of recording
  127. Suffix

    -rrhaphy
    procedure of suturing
Author
Stephevette
ID
353313
Card Set
Chapters 8 and 9
Description
Chapter 8 and 9 Orthopedics: Muscular and Skeletal System
Updated

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