A&P Class - Exam #1 - Set #2

Compound tubular

Compound Alveolar

• 1. Merocrine glands
• 2. Apocrine glands
• 3. Holocrine glands

- fluid products released through the cell membrane by exocytosis, without losing cytoplasm

example: salivary gland, pancreatic glands, sweat glands of the skin

• - cellular product and portions of the free ends of glandular cells pinch off during secretion
• - lose small portions of cell bodies during secretion

example: mammary glands, ceruminous glands, lining the external ear canal

• - disintegrated entire cells filled with secretory products
• - release entire cells filled with secretory products

example: sebaceous glands of the skin

Connective tissue

• - bind structures together
• - provide support and framework
• - serves as framework
• - fills spaces
• - stores fat
• - produce blood cells
• - protect agianst infections
• - helps repair cell damage

• - have a matrix (materials between the cells)
• - have varying degrees of vascularity
• - have cells that usually divide

• 1. Fibroblasts
• 2. Macrophages
• 3. Mast cells

• - fixed cells (wherever they are is where they stay)
• - most common cells
• - large, star shapped
• - produce fibers

• - found in white cells
• - wondering cells
• - phagorytic
• - important in injury or infections
• - facocyte: they eat dead material, clean things up

• - fixed cells
• - release heparin (helps from blood clotting)
• - release histamine (associated with allergies)

• 1. Collagenous fibers - (white fibers) thick, threadlike fibers of collagen with great tensile strength
• 2. Elastic fibers - (yellow fibers) bundles of microfibrils embedded in elastin
• 3. Reticular fibers - thin fibers of collagen

• 1. Areolar connective tissue -
• 2. Adipose tissue -
• 3. Reticular connective tissue -
• 4. Dense regular connective tissue -
• 5. Dense irregular connective tissue -
• 6. Elastic connective tissue -
• 7. Cartilage:
• > Hyaline cartilage -
• > Elastic cartilage -
• > Fibrocartilage -

...Table 5.7 on page 162...

• - the most rigid connective tissue = solid matrix
• - supports
• - protects
• - forms blood cells
• - attachment for muscles
• - skeleton

- osteocyetes in lacunae

• - a type of connective tissue
• - composed of cells suspended in a fluid matrix called = plasma
• - includeds red blood cells
• - white blood cells
• - platelts (cellular fragments)
• - transportation (red blood cells)
• - fights infection (white blood cells)
• - involved in blood clotting (platelets)
• - throughout the body in blood vessels
• - heart

• 1. Serous membranes
• 2. Mucous membranes
• 3. Cutaneous membranes
• 4. Synovial membranes

• - lines body cavities that do not open to the outside
• - reduces friction
• - inner lining of thorax and abdomen
• - secrete serous fluid

• - line tubes and organs that open to the outside world
• - lining of mouth, nose, throat, etc
• - secrete mucos

• - covers body
• - skin

• - composed entirely of connective tissue
• - lines joints

• - muscle tissues are called muscle fibers
• - they are contractile = they can shorten and thicken

• 1. Skeletal muscle
• 2. Smooth muscle
• 3. Cardiac muscle

• - attached to bones
• - striated (meaning: threadlike cells have alternating light and dark cross-markings)
• - voluntary

• - comprise the walls of organs
• - comprise the walls of blood vessels
• - non-striated
• - involuntary
• - skin

• - only in the heart
• - involuntary
• - striated
• - intercalated discs (help with communication)

• - found in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves
• - functional cells are neurons
• - neuroglia cells support and bind nervous tissue components

• Major functions:
• - sensory reception
• - conduction of nerve impulses