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Name this exocrine gland.
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Name this exocrine gland.
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What are the three (3) types of glandular secretions?
- 1. Merocrine glands
- 2. Apocrine glands
- 3. Holocrine glands
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Describe Merocrine glands.
- fluid products released through the cell membrane by exocytosis, without losing cytoplasm
example: salivary gland, pancreatic glands, sweat glands of the skin
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Describe Apocrine glands.
- - cellular product and portions of the free ends of glandular cells pinch off during secretion
- - lose small portions of cell bodies during secretion
example: mammary glands, ceruminous glands, lining the external ear canal
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Describe Holocrine glands.
- - disintegrated entire cells filled with secretory products
- - release entire cells filled with secretory products
example: sebaceous glands of the skin
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Identify this glandular secretion.
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Identify this glandular secretion.
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Identify this glandular secretion.
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What is tissue comprises much of the body and is the most abundant type of tissue by weight?
Connective tissue
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What are some general characteristics of Connective Tissues?
- - bind structures together
- - provide support and framework
- - serves as framework
- - fills spaces
- - stores fat
- - produce blood cells
- - protect agianst infections
- - helps repair cell damage
- - have a matrix (materials between the cells)
- - have varying degrees of vascularity
- - have cells that usually divide
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What are three (3) major cell types present in connective tissues?
- 1. Fibroblasts
- 2. Macrophages
- 3. Mast cells
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Describe the fibroblast cell type in connective tissues.
- - fixed cells (wherever they are is where they stay)
- - most common cells
- - large, star shapped
- - produce fibers
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Describe the Macrophages cell type in connective tissues.
- - found in white cells
- - wondering cells
- - phagorytic
- - important in injury or infections
- - facocyte: they eat dead material, clean things up
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Describe the Mast cells cell type in connective tissues.
- - fixed cells
- - release heparin (helps from blood clotting)
- - release histamine (associated with allergies)
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What are the three (3) types of connective tissue fibers that fibroblasts produce?
- 1. Collagenous fibers - (white fibers) thick, threadlike fibers of collagen with great tensile strength
- 2. Elastic fibers - (yellow fibers) bundles of microfibrils embedded in elastin
- 3. Reticular fibers - thin fibers of collagen
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Name the seven (7) categories of Connective tissues. (excluding bone and blood)
- 1. Areolar connective tissue -
- 2. Adipose tissue -
- 3. Reticular connective tissue -
- 4. Dense regular connective tissue -
- 5. Dense irregular connective tissue -
- 6. Elastic connective tissue -
- 7. Cartilage:
- > Hyaline cartilage -
- > Elastic cartilage -
- > Fibrocartilage -
...Table 5.7 on page 162...
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Describe characteristics of Bone.
- - the most rigid connective tissue = solid matrix
- - supports
- - protects
- - forms blood cells
- - attachment for muscles
- - skeleton
- osteocyetes in lacunae
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Describe characteristics of Blood.
- - a type of connective tissue
- - composed of cells suspended in a fluid matrix called = plasma
- - includeds red blood cells
- - white blood cells
- - platelts (cellular fragments)
- - transportation (red blood cells)
- - fights infection (white blood cells)
- - involved in blood clotting (platelets)
- - throughout the body in blood vessels
- - heart
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What are the four (4) types of epithelial membranes?
- 1. Serous membranes
- 2. Mucous membranes
- 3. Cutaneous membranes
- 4. Synovial membranes
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Describe Serous membranes.
- - lines body cavities that do not open to the outside
- - reduces friction
- - inner lining of thorax and abdomen
- - secrete serous fluid
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Describe Mucous membranes.
- - line tubes and organs that open to the outside world
- - lining of mouth, nose, throat, etc
- - secrete mucos
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Describe Cutaneous membranes.
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Describe Synovial membranes.
- - composed entirely of connective tissue
- - lines joints
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Describe muscle tissues.
- - muscle tissues are called muscle fibers
- - they are contractile = they can shorten and thicken
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What are the three (3) types of muscle tissue?
- 1. Skeletal muscle
- 2. Smooth muscle
- 3. Cardiac muscle
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Describe Skeletal muscle.
- - attached to bones
- - striated (meaning: threadlike cells have alternating light and dark cross-markings)
- - voluntary
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Describe Smooth muscles.
- - comprise the walls of organs
- - comprise the walls of blood vessels
- - non-striated
- - involuntary
- - skin
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Describe Cardiac muscles.
- - only in the heart
- - involuntary
- - striated
- - intercalated discs (help with communication)
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Describe nervous tissue.
- - found in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves
- - functional cells are neurons
- - neuroglia cells support and bind nervous tissue components
- Major functions:
- - sensory reception
- - conduction of nerve impulses
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