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What tissues comprise the body?
- 1. CT
- 2. Epithelia
- 3. Muscle
- 4. Nerve
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List the components of CT?
Cells and ECM, cells in CT are same,
- defined by ECM produced by cells
- a. fibers-add tensile strength and elasticity
- b. ground substance-withstand compression, lost of space in ECM so filled with GS
- c. tissue fluid-maintains hydration
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List the fxns of CT
- 1. provides structural support-underlies epithelium
- *ligamnets-join bone to bone
- *tendon-join bone to muscle
- *aponeuroses-joins muscle to muscle(sheet like)
- *forms bone and cartilage
- 2 Immunological barrier
- 3. Energy and Energy Storage
- 4. Water storage
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Describe the Classification of connective tissue
Very general, not bilogically exact, based on type and relative abundance of fibrous elements
- Connective Tissue Properloose (areolar) CT-in subcutaneous regions
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2.Describe and discuss the organization & components of connective tissue, including cells & extracellular matrix.
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List the Fixed and Hematogenous Cells found in CT
- vary in number depending on type of tissue & functional state
- FIXED
- *Stem cells-mesenchymal cells (embryonic, mesodermally derived) *fibrocytes/fibroblasts (reticular cells)-proliferative, secreting fibrous elements in CT, out like crazy till there is no where to secrete then it is called a fibrocyte. Relatively inactive but same cell.
- *adipose cells
- Hematogenous cells (come to CT from marrow precursors)
- *macrophages/monocytes
- * mast cells
- * blood cells
- *lymphocytes (& plasma cells)
- *polymorphonuclear leukocytes- neutrophils eosinophils basophils
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How is type I collagen formed?
Formed by packing of tropocollagen molecules into collagen fibrils-subunit that makes up collagen fibers
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Describe elastic fibers
- *Why elastic?REBOUND VIP- Don't want to stretch too much!
- Composed of:
- *elastin-amorphous, globular protein, rich in glycine & proline
- *fibrillin-fibrillar protein forms microfibrillar sheath
- *contains desmosine&isodesmosine(as cross-linking proteins)
- * fibrillin is small compared to collagen
- Fibers assembled with elastin core surrounded by fibrillin microfibrils
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Describe Ground Substance
- Composed of :
- 1)glycosaminoglycans (GAG's)-(glycan=sugar)long, inflexible,unbranced polysaccharides
- 2) proteoglycans-(proteo=proteins)GAGs covalently bound to proteins
- 3)adhesive glycoproteins-(proteoglycan=large sugar polymers) large multi-domain glycoproteins which interact with:membrane proteins(integrins), collagen fibers, proteoglycans
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Describe the types of CT collagen fibers
- *over 29 different types
- *most fibrilar-some amorphous
- *type 1=20% total body protein, tough inelastic, add tensile strength to CT, stonger than steel
2) Reticular-ACTUALLY type III collagen, add strength to stroma and found in a specific type of organ
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3.List the specific types of connective tissue (CT):
- 1.embryonic CT
- 2. mesenchymal CT
- 3.mucous (umbilical) CT
- 4. loose CT dense
- 5. regular CT dense
- 6. irregular CT
- 7.reticular CT
- 8.adipose CT -unilocular [yellow]
- 9.adipose CT- multilocular [brown]
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Describe embryonic CT and list where it is
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Describe mesenchymal CT and list where it is found
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Describe mucous (umbilical) CT and list where it is
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Describe loose CT dense and list where it is found .
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Describe regular CT dense and list where it is found
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Describe irregular CT and list where it is found
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Describe reticular CT and list where it is found
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Describe unilocular-yollow-adipose CT and list where it is found
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Describe multilocular [brown]adipose CT and list general areas where it is found
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