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Lecture#42

  1. what are the precursors of the heart?
  2. what does the heart connect?
    venous system to the atrial system
  3. what does the yolk sac connect to
    the intestine
  4. what is the vein  that goes from the yolk sac to the heart in an embryo?
    the vitaline vein drains to the heart
  5. cardinal veins ( anterior and posterior)
    embryo into the heart.
  6. where do umbilical veins drain?
    • drain into the heart
    • It passes through he liver
  7. vitaline duck fo  does th
    Goes inside the intestine with yolk to feed us.
  8. vitlaine arteries function
    return the blood to the yolk sac from the embryo
  9. what is the allantois?
    the embryonic excretory bladder
  10. what are the contents of the umbilical cord/belly button of an embryo?
    the viteline artery, vitaline vein, vitaline duct, the umbilical artery, umbilical vein, and allantois, and the primordial germ call of in early embryonic stage
  11. what happens to the yoke sac
    it disappears as the embryo grows and feeds on it
  12. what vessel brings the good blood/oxygenated blood to the fetus
    the veins bring in the nutrients
  13. what vessel brings the bad blood/deoxygenated blood away from the fetus
    the arteries
  14. what does the viteline vein becomes in the adult?
    the portal vein.
  15. what does the viteline arties becomes in the adult ?
    The celiac truck, the superior and inferior mesenteric
  16. what does the viteline veins become
    the portal vein
  17. what does the viteline artery become
    SMA.IFA, and celiac trunk
  18. what is the fibrous pericardium of the heart and extension of?
    The diaphram
  19. what fetal structure does the ligamentum arteriosum stem from
    the ductus arteriosus
  20. what is the fossa ovalis?
    how blood from the right atrium goes into the left atrium to bypass the lungs
  21. what does the ductus arteriosus do?
    help the blood to bypass the  lungs and go into the aorta
  22. what are the two bypasses of the heart in the embryo?
    the foremen ovalis and the ductus arteriousos
  23. what kind of blood is in the ductos arteriosus
    a mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
  24. what is the ligamentum venosum?
    an embryonic remnant of the ductus venosus
  25. how does the heart start off?
    It is originally 2 tubes that fuse together
  26. what is the bulbus cordis?
    • aortic vestibule of the left ventricle 
    • conus arteriousos of right ventricle
  27. the early atrium create which part oft he heart?
    • the auricles/pectinate uscle of left and right atria 
    • smooth wallof left atrium
  28. what does the sinus venous become?
    • the coronary sinus
    • and part of the right atrium
  29. what kind of arteries are connected to the embryonic heart?
    • pharyngeal arteries 
    • the truncus arteriosus
  30. How many arteries make up the truncus arteriosus
    6
  31. what veins drain inside the sinus venousus?
    the viteline veins (L+R), the umbilical veins( L+R), and the cardinal veins(anterior+ common +posterior)
  32. what structure(s) does the bulbus cordus becomes in the adult heart?
    aortic vestibule and of left ventircle and the consu arterious
  33. the smooth part of the right atrium is formed from which embryonic structure?
    The right part of the sinus venousus
  34. what are septa
    seperation for chamber
  35. what are ostea?
    openiing
  36. how is the foramen ovalis formed
    by apoptosis of the connection of the septum primum and the endocardium cushion as well as the failure of the septum secondium to form
  37. septum primum
    the first septum to grow in the aria of the heart toward the left side
  38. endocardial cushion function
    • makes cytoskeleton of the heart 
    • create the membranous septum to block off blood between the two ventricles
    • it also forms the mitral value and the tricuspid valves
  39. where does the muscular septum stem from
    the wall of the heart. this part grows up to meet the membranous septum
  40. how is the aorta and pumonary truck formed ?
    from the aortic pulmonary septum  in the truncus arteriosisus after it twists
  41. what are the steps for the formation of the heart during embryology & the week that they happen  ?
    • Week 3:
    • 1) Cranial lateral plate mesoderm initiated vasculogenesis to form lateral endocardial tubes
    • 2)Lateral body folding brings endocardial tubes and surrounding cardiogenic mesoderm together 
    • 3) Endocardial tubes surrounded by myocardium fuse to form primary heart tube (divided into incipient chambers by sulci) 
    • Week 4:
    • 4)Myocardium invests endocarditis heart tube and forms cardiac jelly
    • 5) Heart begins to beat and loop 
    • 6) cardiac looping is looping is complete
    • Week 5
    • 7) Septum primum forms
    • 8)Muscular ventricular septum begins to form 
    • 9) Endocardial cushian tissues form 
    • Week 6 
    • 10) definitive aria and aricles
    • Week 9
    • 11) Aortic and Pulmonary outflow tracts are fully separated by fusion of outflow tract cushion
  42. What is cardiac looping ?
    • elongation and c-shaped bending of the heart tube 
    • elongation of the atrial and venous poles cause a S-shaped cnfiguration
    • end result is 4 primitive chambers
  43. how is the mature atrial septum formed ?
    fusion of the embryonic spetum primum and septum secundum
  44. The embryonic sinus venosus becomes which two structures in the mature heart?
    • the right caudal dorsal wall of the developing atrium 
    • Incorporation of the sinus venosus tissue into the dorsal wall of the right atrium results in remodeling of the right atrial chamber and the formation of the right atrial appendage (the right auricle ).
  45. what early embryonic structure becomes the coronary sinus?
    The left horn of sinus venousus
  46. where does venous blood enter the embryonic heart?
    the common cardinal veins
  47. what embryonic structure becomes the mitral and tricuspid valves?
    • The atrioventricular cushion tissue 
    • ( during 5th and 6th week)
  48. what is the short trunks of the common cardinal veins formed from?
    • paired posterior cardinal veins ( draining the trunk)
    • paired anterior cardinal veins ( draining the head region)
  49. what veins drain the yolk sac?
    Vitelline veins drain the yolk sac
  50. what vessels deliver oxygenated blood to the heart from the placenta?
    The pair of umbilical veins
  51. sinus venous components?
    the sinus venous is at the caudal (tail end) and consists of the left anf right sinous horns ( into whichh the common cardinal veins drain)
  52. Which structure becomes the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta?
    The truncus arteriosus
  53. what is the truncus arteriosus
    the distal outflow tract of the heart
  54. distal outflow tract
    • embryonic structure that becomes the pulonary trunk and ascendin aorta
    •  it is connect at its cranial end to a dilated expansion called th aortic sac
  55. what do the superior and inferior caval veins becomes in the dult heart ?
    The iferior an superior vena cavas
  56. what process allows the aort and pulmonary trunk to be in the correct orientation after developing from the distal outflow tract?
    • a twisting process that result in a helical arrangement
    • ahd then there is a septum that devided them ( aortic septum
  57. the great cardiac vein anastomoses with
    The middle cardiac vein
  58. the aorta is more towards which side of the body?
    The left
  59. which artery is behind the duodenum ?
    The gastro duodenal
  60. which artery is behind the stomach
    the splenic runs deep to the stomach
  61. whcih arteries run near the greater cirvature of the stomach
    left and righ gastroommental akak gastroepipolic arties
  62. which artery aises posterior to the pancreas?
    The superior mesenteric
Author
Iana
ID
353077
Card Set
Lecture#42
Description
Normal development of the heart
Updated

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