2020 psych

In conflict theory the _____ describes the initial environment. The status quo.

The ____ is the push-back/reaction to those who disagree with status quo.

ex) Blacks have no rights in 60s would be ___ and what MLK did gathering people to fight back and march is the ____.

_____ believed language structure and traits are universal across all human language. Genetics.

____ relies on background knowledge and expectations to influence what is perceived. Prior knowledge, starts in your brain. ex- If its a pen, you seen many, look if twist off, clickable, etc. Theory/ knowledge/ context driven.


____ See something for the first time, new artifact, nothing to compare, observe it, gather data to look at color, shape, inscription on sides, material its made from. No pre-existing mental representation and use the artifact itself to guide perception. Data driven. Starts with hands.

____ the tendency to give non-human objects, human characteristics. This occurs during preoperational (age 2-7) piaget stage.

_____ hypothesis is that language determines thought.

During ovulation the ____ release estrogen which causes the ____ to release ____ causing ____ to release ____

The ventromedial hypothalamus maintains homeostasis daily by monitoring satiety by the presence of _______

brain region

short term / working memory

long term memory

_____ study design expose participants to all experimental conditions

_____ study design expose participants each to only one experimental condition.

light from the left visual field hits the ____ side of the left eye then ____ side of the right eye to be interpreted by the right hemisphere

The parvo pathway is important for spatial resolution and the magno pathway important for temporal resolution

The parvo pathway is responsible for encoding ____ and ____

magno pathway encodes _____

The ___ is part of the visual system in the brain and plays a role in high level visual processing and recognition so damage to this could effect ability to recognize a familiar face based off facial recognition alone (prosagnosia).

____ helps delineate social relationships and interactions. Helps identify community ties and key members or "key nodes" (individuals who exert stronger influence) and "nodes" (individuals within the group).

Crucial to understanding attitudes and behavior

Which theory explains deviance in this manner?

societies socialize members into desiring shared cultural goals but many are unable to achieve this in a socially acceptable way and deviants give up on the goals and use disapproved means to attain.

65+ erikson- integrity vs despair

If one isn't successful in this stage they will have regret, bitterness, and anger and won't feel fulfilled. What virtue will one have if they're successful?

match the virtue associated with each  erikson stage

trust vs mistrust - 0-1
autonomy vs shame and doubt- 1-3
initiative vs guilt- 3-5
industry vs inferiority- 6-12
ego identity vs role confusion- 12-18
intimacy vs isolation- 18-40
generativity vs stagnation- 40-65
ego integrity vs despair - 65+

_____ are long stereocilia 

stereocilia are connected together by _____

Cochlear implants external parts ____ and ____

internal parts ____ _____ and _____

Hair cell conduction:

Mechanical stimulation of stereocilia open ____ channels so ___ can rush (endolymph rich in them) in and cause depolarization and then voltage gated ___ channels allow ___ to come in and synaptic vesicles secrete ___ to bind to auditory nerve.

high internal or external control would help increase self esteem, self efficacy and decrease depression and pessimism?

break down maslows needs into psychological, self fulfillment, and basic needs

one of the needs has two terms, whats the two terms?

______ schizophrenia: lack of prominent delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, or disorganized or catatonic behaviors. However they are experiencing at least two of those symptoms to a lesser extent but definitely have negative symptoms 

______ schizophrenia: dramatic withdrawal from the world and muteness, can be rigid, maintain unusual posture or extreme movements and echolalia (mimic words) or echopraxia (mimic movement)


_____ schizophrenia: delusions of persecution and grandiosity hallucinations and mostly positive symptoms but without or very little of disorganized speech, flat affect, catatonic, disorganized behavior. 


____ schizophrenia: is characterized by predominantly disorganized symptoms. All of the following must be present to fit the criteria for this subtype:
Disorganized speech (e.g., word salad, incoherence, perseverance)
Disorganized behavior (e.g., difficulty starting or finishing a task, difficulty acting appropriately in social situations)
Flat or inappropriate affect (e.g., poor eye contact, lack of facial expressions)

what technique/device used for schizophrenia:

decreased prefrontal brain function:

increase d2 dopamine receptors:

decreased temporal lobe gray matter:

experiments

____ method: statistically or mathematically based.

____ method: those based on narrative or words.

which theory is based on modeling?

systematic desensitization - associative learning goes with which theory?

_____ which stated that any behavior that is followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated, and any behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is likely to be stopped.

george mead

agents of socialization become part of the _____ the social self but must be approved by the ____, the spontaneous, creative, independent self

_____ is a systematic attempt at problem solving in which every single possible combo is attempted in order to come to a solution. Guarantee you'll come to solution.

core nations lead the global market through export of ______

periphery nations are taken advantage of and rely on exportation of ____ to core nations

short term memory: ____ seconds and 7 +/- 2 items

long-term memory: explicit/ implicit 

Is the fear response and startle reflex of a conditioned stimulus like a shock implicit or explicit memory?


______ memory of experience or event

Based off _______ social institutions have manifest and latent (unintended) functions like how industrialization caused increase in "masculine" and "feminine" socially labeled jobs and shifts in gender expectations.

_____ theory is that population grows exponentially but resources limited and preventive checks voluntarily decrease birth rate and positive checks involuntarily increase death rate.

Flashbulb memory (explicit)  is a vivid, detailed, autobiographical event of something emotional, personal, distinct, or important.

- High confidence in memory
- Vivid details of emotions
- Vivid details of things not really important and details of what you were doing. (Me in 5th grade classroom with Mrs Hudson)

Are they accurate?

Partial reinforcement schedules (fixed, variable, ratio, interval) are the best way to MAINTAIN already learned behaviors.

What are the three ways of making an animal learn and new behavior? 

which is the best of the 3?

_____ TENDENCY to rely heavily on strategies that have worked in the past, which can impede problem solving.

Psychoanalytic theorist and feminist psychologist ______ developed one of the best-known theories of neurosis. She believed that neurosis resulted from basic anxiety caused by interpersonal relationships. She also critiqued Freud penis envy.

demographic transition

birth and death rates high (population low)

then death rate drops and pop increase  rapidly

then birth rates drop - population increase slower 

then both death and birth low - population stable

population increase the entire time then levels off toward end

stage 2 demographic transition

_____ visual component of sensory memory (1/2 a second)

_____ visual component of working memory (20 or so seconds)

_____ auditory component of sensory memory (3-4 seconds)

____ auditory component of working memory

WHICH part of retina are cones found and where?

____ disease classification system

_____ cultural practice that results from the blending of two cultures

_______ these healthcare systems have one entity and the healthcare providers are private but the government collects payments from the patients and pays the medical bills. All citizens pay premiums to this government or insurance provider.


_____ patient pay medical costs directly to the healthcare provider.

____ government not involved in the health insurance or delivery.

____ government controls both insurance/payments and delivery. Doctors and hospitals are government employees and government owned facilities in this system.

which theorist is associated with social exchange theory?

_____ continuously thinking about or replaying the events in ones mind of situation that is upsetting. Maintains negative emotions and could lead to depression.

example- someone was broken up with and they decide to listen to sad songs involving failed relationships

R-squared (R2) is a statistical measure that represents the proportion of the variance for a dependent variable that's explained by an independent variable or variables in a regression model

Hans eysneck - PEN (Psychotic, extraversion, neuroticism)

anxious would be what kind of score?

withdrawn?

social? 

non-conforming or stubborn?

____ probability that the null is true (null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference, the differences were random)

r^2 = 

____ correlation coeff that shows how related two variables are

____ difference between observed sample statistic and its hypothesized population parameter

erving goffman studied stigma on mental illness

____ how you save face in embarrassing situations

which is more stable, triad, or dyad? why?

which is more intense, triad or dyad?

_____ ethnic or racial slurs

group think:

people dont want to speak up_____

people protect group by preventing or discouraging beliefs contrary to group _____

____ group fails to look at warnings, double check or reconsider

____ group cant be wrong

what are the three most commonly abused psychoactive drugs in the united states?

hindbrain - medulla, pons, cerebellum

forebrain- cerebral cortex, thalamus

webers law-

someones ability to discriminate between two stimuli would increase or decrease as the difference between stimuli increases?

trend of women making up more of the poor in US as increases in number of women heading household

_____ requires that the researcher directly participate in the phenomenon being studied

_____ persistent fear of place or situation not readily able to escape from

randomization of groups ensures ______

stages of change model applied to smoking

unware of smoking issue _____

aware but not ready to stop _____

making a active plan to stop _____

actually applying plan and stopping ____

how many years of depression for diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder aka dysthymia for 

child

adult

occurs when positive stereotypes of a group cause increased performance

____ this type of deviance doesn't have long term consequences and doesn't get the person labeled as deviant 


___ this type of deviance occurs after someone has been labeled deviant and goes on to commit deviant act some more after internalizing label.

what is this?

The central route to persuasion consists of thoughtful consideration of the arguments (ideas, content) of the message.

The peripheral route occurs when one may be uninterested in the claims and uses superficial factors like popularity of celebrity or beauty to influence their persuasion

_____ collection of individuals who share a common location but not a group (all ppl in restaurant at 6:00 am)

whats more stable a dyad tetrad or triad?

increase GABA = ____ anxiety and ____ episodic memory in hippocampus

____ focused on social stratification and structural impact of power elites. How to better understand social problems.

______ focused on social darwinism and survival of the most fit.

_____ inability to sweat.

Can occur with congenital analgesia cuz missing nerve fibers about heat or pain to brain.

this type of map is involved in sound _____

this type of map involved in position, spatial location of activity  ____

the proximal part of basilar membrane sensitive to ____ frequency sounds

the distal part of basilar membrane sensitive to ____ frequency sounds

_____ skeletal muscle paralysis during REM sleep to keep us from acting out our dreams.

____ type of stressor is out of your control like war, environmental disaster, and terrorism.

____ type of stressor is negative, long lasting chronically problematic and rare in a persons life relatively, example being a cancer diagnosis

______ Drives the whole system (e.g., the boss of working memory) and allocates data to the subsystems: the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad. It also deals with cognitive tasks such as mental arithmetic and problem-solving.

so if you hear words and letters (phonological loop is auditory component of working memory) but asked to mentally manipulate them to accomplish as task, you're using the _____

______ in this type of study which is a type of longitudinal study you ask them questions then years later ask the same questions

type of observational study in which independent variable is not artificially manipulated it happens organically.

ex- earthquake happens and u ask ppl about their life before and after

____ transitional poverty caused by a single life event, often natural disaster or other major adversity

types of movements:

_____ significant change; affects almost everyone

_____ significant change; affects small # of ppl

____ minor change; affects many

____ minor change; affects few

_____ thought of the concept of "the field" in which individual agents and their social positions are located. the position of each agent is dependent on specific rules of the field, and agents social, cultural, and economic capital.

if two entities are playing on the same field but one uses traditional methods and is more established and the other is new and trying new methods the traditional one will receive more respect and quality ratings due to social capital and reputation

critical window for language learning age range

____ associated with mild pain

___ associated with strong pain

____ may potentiate morphine

what brain region?

____ working memory

___ long term memory (semantic and episodic)

average loss of productivity per INDIVIDUAL in a group is an example of

_____ theory helps explain the perception of sound pitch (how high or low a tone is)

at base of basilar membrane - high frequency
at apex - low frequency