What type of approach in any organization can be disastrous to the officer unit and organization
Authoritarian approach
Level one fire officers are assigned to fire suppression incident they are also responsible for what
Initial fire cause and investigation
Supervising is a basic function of who
Level one fire officer
Managing is a basic function of who
Level two fire officer
What is the basic principle behind theory z leader ship
Workers are the key to increase productivity and that each worker can perform autonomously
What are the five types of power
Reward course of identification expert and legitimate
What is the complex ability to identify the components of a situation, assess the need for action, determine the nature of necessary intervention, and initiate action
Command presence
Counseling personnel should always be done how
In private
What term is used to include all types of assignments including fire suppression search and rescue or emergency medical services
Unit
Companies are units may also be thought of in terms of what
The conditions that affect decisions are classified as what
Certainty risk and uncertainty
What is described as a means of testing the ethical value of a decision
Four-way test Abilene paradox
Making decisions can be difficult because of the personal barriers that exist within individual what are they
Psychological (internal)
Organizational (external)
To test the ethical foundation of a Decision what must be asked
Is it true
Is it fair to all concerned
Will it build goodwill and better relationship
Will it be beneficial to all concerned
What is the primary source of values
Family friends formal education work and religious activities
What are the basic laws of the land
Federal constitution
The legislative branch does what
Creates laws
The executive branch does what
Implements administers and enforces laws
The judicial branch does what
Interprets laws
What are statutory laws the result of
Legislative actions
Supervisors are not responsible for the criminal acts of their subordinates unless what
Was aware of act and fail to stop
What elements must exist for a valid tort action
Definite must owe legal duty to plaintive
There must be a breach of duty
Breach of duty must be a proximate cause
The plaintiff must have suffered damages as a result
The four primary areas of employment discrimination
Disparate treatment, adverse impact, sexual-harassment, and reasonable accommodation
Are there federal laws prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation
No
Employers are required to do what is reasonable to accommodate their employees differences
EEOC regulations
The ADA does not apply to what businesses and groups
Federal government, native American tribes, private clubs
Employers cannot discriminate against qualified applicants because of their disabilities unless
These regulations only apply to organizations with 15 or more full-time employees
FLSA workweek is what
43 hrs for police
53 hrs for firefighters
The majority of national standards are developed from
NFPA
A private nonprofit organization that administers and coordinates voluntary standardization And conformity assessment system
ANSI
A consensus based standards writing and testing organization
Astm
Products with what label have been tested for their intended to use and are certified safe
UL
To provide greater consistency of code content and greater acceptance of model codes by government officials
International code Council
What are similar to the model building codes of NFPA building and fire codes, they provide planning design construction operations and maintenance criteria for structures built on federal military bases and reservations
UFC manual
Words verbal component only provide receiver with what percent of message? Nonverbal actions provide the remaining what?
7%
93%
Well sounds or tones used to create verbal message
Paralanguage or vocalics
Clothing, church, use of time, in control of speakers environment
Gestures that are used to emphasize or assist in understanding the verbal message
Illustrators
Gestures that go with verbal expression of feelings
Affect display
Gestures that are used to control the flow of verbal conversation
Regulators
Gestures that are used to relieve stress and a speaker
Adapters
How do you remove physical barriers
Sit in chairs that are at right angles to one another
Most people remember only 50% of message how long after they hear it and 25% after how long
24 hrs
48hrs
Listening all my constitutes 42% of persons average day
The size of a group may vary from what
Small 12 to large several 100
When is the audience less attentive
Following a meal
What is the most important of the five elements of nonverbal communication
Eye contact
Relying on Notes or an outline allows the speaker to speak conversational he is the preferred delivery style that works best in the majority of situations
Extemporaneous delivery
How long is the average sentence
17 words
They excepted format for most business letters consist of what
Heading, opening, body, closing
Keep press releases short concise and no more than how long
Two pages
Surveys usually results in less than what return right
70%
In some jurisdictions excepted practices that deviate from written policies or procedures may do what
Legally become a policy or procedure
Who is responsible for monitoring all policies and procedures
Chief officers
In many organizations personal costs represent as much is how much of the operating budget
90%
Levi based on the assessed value of property specified as millage and collected by the local government for specified government purpose such as the operation of fire department or ambulance services
Special purpose tax levy
Funds that receive money from my single source only the organization can’t withdraw from the account and can only be used for specific expenses
Restricted funds
Generally the safest unsecured bond
T bonds
The budget process begins when
3 to 5 months before the end of fiscal year
Training related fatalities account for how much of line of duty death
10%
The workplace can generally be divided into
Emergency scene, in route to and from emergency scene, facilities
Most effective means to help accidents is to change the culture of
Create an extreme sense of urgency in responders
Annual facility inspections are the responsibility of who
HSO
Who will have the responsibility for performing the initial accident investigation based on the procedure
Supervising company officer
Forms that require the use of pre-designated codes to describe an incident
National fire incident reporting system
Typically emergency services are what
Scalar organizations
What percentage of fire departments are career
12% that protect 61% of population
Short term employee
3 to 6 months in duration
MWhat percent of fire and emergency services are staffed by volunteers
70% according to US fire administration
Outside of it is similar to mutual aid except
Payment is made
All fire officer 1 candidates should complete what
Instructor 1
These type of training evolutions may involve 1 to 5 participants
Simple evolutions
A garden based on NFPA 1403 requirements that can help in planning for the evolution
Instructor to student ratio of 1 to 5
Students are at there peaks between what time
10am to noon
Plans may be categorized as what
Strategic operational/administration contingency
Probationary period’s are usually how long
6 to 18 months
Sharing of information openly and honestly which usually results in the best solution to the conflict
Calibrating conflict
Six steps of conflict resolution
Classified identify problem, define diagnose problem, list alternative options, determine the right response, convert the decision to an action, test the action
How does correct of action differ from preventive action
Always done in writing
Union shops require employees to join union within how many days of being hired
30
What determines the working conditions wages and benefits for the duration of the contract usually one year more
Collective bargaining
Sessions are scheduled after the labor union issues a formal call for proposals typically 60 days before the bargain sessions are expected to begin
Bargaining session schedule
Strikes by who are generally prohibited by state provincial and federal laws
Public employees
As a condition of their operating license media in the US or required to set aside a certain amount of their broadcast time for what
Public service announcement
Files that are required for day-to-day operations
Active files
Do you repositories for records that have historical value but are not made for daily decision making
Archives
On network system skate station will have what is sometimes called what that is connected to a mainframe computer
Dumb terminal
Model building codes which include structural electrical plumbing and suck the requirements are developed by who
NFPA and icc
2 inches thick and maybe light across metal trusses
Gypsum slabs
One form of arched roof construction uses what type of trusses as a main supporting members
Bow string
Some of the most stable rooftops
Concrete
Very stable under fire conditions
Conventional subfloor construction has been replaced by what
Open web trusses or wooden I beams
Much lighter and less prone to collapse
Are also prone to failure under fire conditions and May fail in less time than wooden trusses
Steel trusses
It would be unwise to schedule a pre-incident survey when
In a building that has had a recent code enforcement inspection
The mode of dress should be the uniform equivalent of what
Owner / occupants wear
Most people like to start were on a building survey
Top floor or roof
What can we use to remove Contaminated atmosphere during emergency operations
HVAC
Recommends using automatic he activated roof vents and curtain boards
NFPA 204
Extended generally a distance equal to 20% of the vertical distance from the floor to the roof but no lower than 10 feet above the floor
Curtain boards
In a survey if an item must be included for which there is no standard symbol what must happen
Circle with a number and then explain it in a legend
The use of what will provide operations free from inference for fire and emergency services
700 MHZ
The purpose of standards for Public Safety digital radio
To improve interoperability between multiple agencies at a major emergency
Department of homeland security requires that public safety communication
Must be digital of operating at 2.5 kilohertz
The two nationwide channels currently available for major multi agency operations
Enforcement emergency channel inter agency tactical channel
Small scale emergency operation can be affective using what type of radio frequency
Single
Most urban emergency services operate at what radio frequency
800 MHz
But have disadvantages of interference
The range of portable radios may be extended using the
Repeater
Most cb radios have how many channels
40
The most common advanced communication technology used by fire and emergency services
MDT
GPS systems are generally capable of determining the location of the vehicle within how many yards
10
What time should be used in responding to emergency calls
In route
Small incidents involving a few years it’s lasting a short duration may not require what
Written IAP
Life safety of responders is as important as what
Occupants
Tactical objectives or more specific than what
Strategic goals
They shift from defensive to offensiveattack
Transitional attack mode
Water truck placement on a building fire is the responsibility of who
Company officer
What type of apparatus should not be taken off road
Type one
What type of apparatus maybe used for protecting structures at a wildland fire
Any type
What states that there are no standardized categories for describing aircraft emergencies
NFPA 402
On fire extinguishment with aircraft
Proceed with extinguishment from the fuselage of the aircraft outward away once rescue operations are complete
Off duty personnel who are recalled should be released before who
On duty personnel
Who must be able to make preliminary determination of the cause of any fire explosion or hazardous material spill
Company officers
What is the leading cause of fires
Undetermined or unknown
Most common cause of fire in commercial properties
Incendiary
The most common cause the fires in residential area
Cooking
The leading cause of fire related deaths in residential properties
Smoking
The second highest cause of fatalities, heating equipment and incendiary
I’m trying to Determine the point of origin start where
In the area with the least amount of damage and proceed to the area of greatest
Charring is usually deepest near what
Point of origin
Low charring may indicate what
Ignitable liquid and accelerants
Fires that occur when a vehicle is being driven are usually caused by what
Electrical or careless smoking materials
When a fire starts in a vehicle that has Set for many days what is the cause
Intentional
When an incident is large and complex how many members of the NIMS system are assigned
