-
The single-most basic measurement of an oscilloscope is
voltage
-
The second-most basic measurement of an oscilloscope is
time
-
The measuring instrument that produces a graph of voltage vs time is the
oscilloscope
-
The time constant of the exponential function f(t)=A*exp(-B*t)=A*e^(-B*t) is
1/B
-
The time constant of each term in f(t)=A*t*exp(-H*t) + C*exp(-H*t)
1/H
-
In this stable damped sinusoidal function f(t)=A*exp(K*t)*sin(w*t+M), K is
always negative
-
The time constant of this damped sinusoidal function f(t)=A*exp(K*t)*sin(w*t+M) is
-1/K
-
If B is negative in the function f(t)=A*exp(-B*t), then the time constant
does not exist, because the function is unstable
-
The function f(t)=A*exp(-B*t) is called
exponential
-
The function f(t)=A*t*exp(-H*t) + C*exp(-H*t) is called
exponential plus another exponential component modulated by a ramp
-
The function f(t)=A*exp(K*t)*sin(w*t+M) is called
sinusoidal modulated by an exponential function
-
The radian/second frequency of f(t)=A*exp(K*t)*sin(w*t+M) is
w
-
The radian phase shift of f(t)=A*exp(K*t)*sin(w*t+M) is
M
-
Can M be expressed in degrees in f(t)=A*exp(K*t)*sin(w*t+M)?
frequently is, but never in a calculation
-
The inverse Laplace Transform of F(s) contains a term f(t)=A*exp(-B*t) for each
non-repeating real pole
-
The inverse Laplace Transform of F(s) contains f(t)=A*t*exp(-H*t) + C*exp(-H*t) for each
pair of repeating real poles
-
The inverse Laplace Transform of F(s) contains f(t)=A*exp(K*t)*sin(w*t+M) for each
complex conjugate pair of poles
-
The possible number of different types of poles of F(s) in this course is
three
-
The poles of F(s)=N(s)/D(s) are also the roots of
D(s)
-
A complex number in polar form looks like (A/_G) if G is expressed in
degrees
-
A complex number in polar form looks like (exp(-i*G)*A) if G is expressed in
radians
-
The mathematically rigorous version of a complex number in polar form is
(exp(-i*G)*A) where G is in radians
-
Is MATLAB case sensitive?
yes
-
[1,2,3,4] is an example of a
row vector
-
[1;2;3;4] is an example of a
column vector
-
[1,2;3,4] is an example of a
2-by-2 matrix
-
List the present working directory
pwd
-
List all the files in present working directory
1s or dir
-
Move the command window to another directory
cd
-
List all the variables (without other info) in the workspace
who
-
List all the variables (with other info) in the workspace
whos
-
List the function categories
help
-
The MATLAB command (which) locates functions or files. How do you get more information about the which command?
help which
-
If x and y are equal-length vectors, plot the points with connecting lines and the points will not be visible
plot(x,y)
-
If x and y are equal-length vectors, plot the points WITHOUT connecting lines and the points WILL BE visible as stars
plot(x,y,'-*)
-
A multiply symbol is * and it will multiply two
- all of these
- *complex numbers
- *matrices, according to the laws of linear algebra
- *real numbers
-
A multiply symbol is .* and it will multiply two vectors element by element as in [1,2,3].*[4,5,6]=[4,10,18]
true
-
If a=[1,2,3] and b=[4,5,6], then a*b will produce
[4,10,18]
-
The dot-modifier in before multiply (.*), divide (./), and exponent (.^) are all similar as an element-by-element operation.
true
-
In MATLAB the (%) indicates
a comment line
-
MATLAB-file names usually end in
.m
-
A MATLAB ______ contains MATLAB commands that are all executed by typing its file name.
script
-
A MATLAB ______ receives values; makes calculations; and returns calculated values.
function script, which is like a subroutine in other languages
-
Parenthesis()
enclose function-input variables
-
Square brackets[]
enclose function-output variables, vectors, or matrices
-
The L4612 video shows how to build a simulink model that will numerically solve a DEQ?
true
-
A numerical solution (i.e. x(t)) is a bunch of numbers that can be plotted.
true
-
The current-voltage relationship for a capacitor is a differential equation:
- all of these
- *I(t)=C*v_dot(t)
- *v(t)=(1/C)*integral(i(t) dt) + constant_of_integration *I(t)=C*dv(t)/dt
- *i(t)=C*v'(t)
-
The current-voltage relationship for an inductor is a differential equation:
- all of these
- i(t)=(1/L)*integral(v(t) dt) + constant_of_integration v(t)=L*i'(t) v(t)=L*di(t)/dt v(t)=L*i_dot(t)
-
The current-voltage relationship for a resistor is
Ohm's Law
-
The current-voltage relationship for a resistor is
- both of these
- i(t)=v(t)/R
- v(t)=R*i(t) both of these
-
If the capacitor voltage is constant (i.e. v_c(t)=A), then the current (ic(t)) is
zero
-
If v_c(t)= M*t + B, then i_c(t) is
C*M
-
If v_c(t)= sin(t), then i_c(t) is
C*cos(t)
-
If v_c(t)= cos(t), then i_c(t) is
-C*sin(t)
-
If the inductor current is constant (i.e. i_L(t)=A), then the voltage (v_L(t)) is
zero
-
If i_L(t)=M*t+B, then v_L(t) is
L*M
-
If i_L(t)= sin(t), then v_L(t) is
L*cos(t)
-
If i_L(t)= cos(t), then v_L(t) is
-L*sin(t)
-
If the voltage across a capacitor could be positive unit step (u(t)), the current would be
positive infinite spike (delta function
-
A triangle wave of voltage across a capacitor would result in a _____ current function.
square wave
-
A triangle wave of current through an inductor would result in a _____ voltage function.
square wave
-
A square wave of voltage across a capacitor would result in a _____ current function
infinite pikes (delta functions), alternating between positive and negative
-
A square wave of current through an inductor would result in a _____ voltage function.
infinite pikes (delta functions), alternating between positive and negative
-
A square wave of current through a resistor would result in a _____ voltage function
square wave
-
A square wave of voltage across a resistor would result in a _____ current function.
square wave
-
Transfer functions are ___-domain concepts.
s - complex variable
-
The external-signals' relationship to a transfer function (TF) is defined as
output/input
-
Input and output variables for transfer functions are __-domain concepts.
s - complex variable
-
Transfer functions in series can be combined into one TF by ____ them.
multiplying
-
Transfer functions in parallel can be combined into one TF by ____ them.
adding
-
A transfer function is usually derived from the ______ equation that relates the input signal to the output signal.
differential
-
The TF of a closed loop system with negative feedback is ______ divided by _______.
the forward TF, one plus the loop TF.
-
The TF of a closed loop system with positive feedback is ______ divided by _______.
the forward TF, one minus the loop TF
-
Given some transfer function (G) and some input signal (A) and output signal (B), then
B=G*A
-
Given some transfer function (G) and some input signal (A) and output signal (B), then
G=B/A
-
The simpliest of all TFs is a constant (e.g. TF=2), which means that the output signal is _____ the input signal.
2 times
-
The TF that describes an integrator is
1/s
-
The TF that describes a differentiator is
s
-
The TF that describes a first-order lag is
The TF that describes a first-order lag is
-
The TF that describes a second-order lag is
1/(s^2+s+1)
-
The TF that describes a time delay is
exp(-s*T) = e^(-s*T)
-
Moving summing junctions ahead or behind
is a trivial derivation
-
If A and B are two signals into a summing junction (+ and +), then the output signal is
A+B
-
S-domain models permit _____ input(s) and _____ output(s).
only one, only one
-
State space models permit _____ input(s) and _____ output(s).
any number of, any number of
-
State space models are _____-domain models.
time
-
State space models contain a set of ______-order differential equations.
first
-
The number of first-order DEQs in the state space model that is equivalent to a 2nd-order TF is
2
-
The number of first-order DEQs in the state space model that is equivalent to a nth-order TF is
n
-
The state space model has ____ matrix equations.
2
-
The input variable in x_dot=Ax+Bu and y=Cx+Du is
u
-
The output variable in x_dot=Ax+Bu and y=Cx+Du is
y
-
The derivative of the state vector in x_dot=Ax+Bu and y=Cx+Du is
x_dot
-
The constant matrices in x_dot=Ax+Bu and y=Cx+Du are A,B,C, and D.
true
-
The number of states (i.e. x=[x1,x2,x3,...]' in the state space model that is equivalent to a 5th-order TF is
5
-
The state vector x=[x1,x2,x3,...]' is written here with the single quote symbol, which means
transpose
-
A vector or matrix quantity contains ______ element(s), and a scalar quantity contains ____ elements(s).
multiple, one
-
If the highest derivative in a differential equation model is 4, then A in x_dot=Ax+Bu has dimensions of
4 by 4
-
If the highest derivative in a differential equation model is 4, then B in x_dot=Ax+Bu has dimensions of
4 by 1
-
If the highest derivative in a differential equation model is 4, then C in y=Cx+Du has dimensions of
1 by 4
-
If the highest derivative in a differential equation model is 4, then D in y=Cx+Du has dimensions of
1 by 1
-
The states defined as x1=ouput, x2=x1_dot, x3=x2_dot, x4=x3_dot etc are called
phase variables and are not unique
-
A state space model using phase variables results in an A matrix that contains most of the DEQ in ____ row(s).
the bottom
-
Except for the bottom row, a state space model using phase variables results in an A matrix that has all zeros and ones and the
ones are above the diagonal
-
Single-input and single-output systems are described by the mnemonic
SISO
-
Multiple-input and multiple-output systems are described by the mnemonic
MIMO
-
Our course in control systems focuses exclusively on ______ systems.
SISO
-
Our course in control systems only mentions ______ systems relative to state-space models.
MIMO
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