Renal

: produces and forms urine, excretion or conservation of water, electrolyte balance, activates vitamin D, acid base balance, and production of erythropoietin

: renal filtrate the kidneys form In 1 minute

The average glomerular filtration rate is ______ to _____milliliters per minute

Normal urine output

Renal function test may be normal until the GFR falls below _____% of normal

:carries urine from kidney to bladder

:measure of dissolved material in the urine

Normal specific gravity is

Low specific gravity =

High specific gravity =

Average pH is

Considered normal pH range

Vegetarian = more _____ urine

High protein diet =more _____ urine

3 waste products of urine

_____ blood pressure occurs with kidney disease

Crackles in the lungs indicate

Edema in Peri orbital areas, sacrum, and abd indicate

If renal disease is suspected, an ______ _____measurement should be taken

Skin with a yellow or grey cast is called

Crystals formed on the skin

What specimen should be collected for a urinalysis

What would you need to instruct females to do before collecting specimen for urinalysis

With a UTI urine may be ______,_______,and_________.

This test identifies organisms in the jrine( often bacteria)

Normal serum creatinine

The higher the serum creatinine, the more ____ the kidney function

:the easy product from muscle metabolism and is a very good indicator of kidney function.

:test urea in urine which is easy product of protein metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys.

Elevated BUN could indicate

BUN can be elevated and serum creatinine could be normal and it would indicate

Normal creative clearance test range

: measures the amount of creatinine cleared from the blood in a specified time by comparing the amount of creatinine cleared in the urine

Minimum creatinine clearance of ____mL/minute is needed to live without dialysis

Normal serum uric acid range

Elevated _____ could indicated gout as well as kidney disease

Important post op for patient who had renal biopsy

:imaging of renal pelvis, calyces, and ureter.

: contrast injected IV, serial x rays show contrast is cleared from blood by kidneys

:introduction of dye through ureter

:contrast introduced by percutaneous needle puncture into renal pelvis

Check____ prior to contrast media for pyelogram

Check _____ and _____ before giving contrast with a renal angiography

The most important post care for a patient after a cystoscope and pyelogram is to measure ____ to identify retention due to swelling

:involuntary urine loss with abrupt/strong desir to void “unable to make it to the bathroom”

: involuntary urine loss from increasing abd pressure

:inability to get to toilet due to environment barriers ( unable to walk, dementia, etc.)

:involuntary loss of urine associated with bladder overdistention

:continuous, unpredictable loss of urine

The bladder should contain ____ or less after urination

Residual urine volume of _____ to ____ mL of urine indicates the need for treatment

____ ____ is not justification for a catheter

Urinary catheters increase risk for ___

What is the most common hospital acquired infection?

: common+pelvic pain and pressure; inflammation of the bladder

: common+costovertebral tenderness, high fever, chills, N/V; inflammation and infection of the kidneys

:sepsis caused by UTI

To help prevent UTI encourage patient to increase fluid intake to ____ ml of fluid a day

:hard. Small stones in the urinary tract, can form in kidney, ureter, or bladder.

_____ is the most common calculi

Stones less than ____ millimeters can pass easily in urine

:dilation of renal pelvis and calycs as a result of obstruction in urine flow

:incision in flank area and tube is inserted directly into the kidney and attached to a collection bag

Most common urinary cancer is

:multiple tags in the kidneys

: long term complication of diabetes; most common cause of chronic kidney disease

:large amounts of protein lost in urine

:hypertension causes damage to kidneys by sclerotic changes

:inflammatory disease of the glomerulus

Glomerulonephritis is most commonly associated following a ______ infection of the throat

:sudden loss of kidney function

:gradual decrease In kidney function

Stage 1 chronic kidney disease GFR is ____ or greater

Stage 2 chronic kidney disease. GFR is ____-____

Stage 3 chronic kidney disease. GFR is ____ -_____

Stage 4 chronic kidney disease. GFR is ____-_____

Stage 5 chronic kidney disease, dialysis/transplant. GFR IS less than ____

: artificial kidney removes waste products and excess water from blood

:tube inserting through abd to remove waste

What are some S/S of a UTI

What are some actions to teach a patient to help prevent or slow profession of diabetic nephropathy?

What is the priority action to prevent acute kidney injury?

What is a nurses priority during data collection of a patient with a vascular access?