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What does the periodic table help us do?
helps us to understand the behavior, reactions, and properties of the element; gives the Atomic number
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Information found on the periodic table
atomic number, name of element, atomic mass, and elemental symbol
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Some properties of metals
- Lustrous, malleable and ductile
- conductors of heat and electricity
- all are solids at room temp. except for Mercury
- Will lose electrons when reaction w/ non-metals
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Some properties of non- metals
- they are poor conductors of heat and electricity
- many exist as diatomic molecules
- they will gain an electron when reacting w/ metals but will share when reacting w/ other non- metals
- all states phsyical states are observed at room temp.
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Metalloids
- may act as a metal or nonmetal
- depend on what they want to react w/
- these elements have variable chemical properties
- they act lilke non- metals when they react w/ metals
- they act like metals when they react w/ non metals
- these materials also have semi- conduction properties
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How are representative, transition, and inner- transition elements determined?
elements are classified according to the type of distingushing electron (the last electron that enters the outer most shell) they contain
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Groups go ______ on the periodic table
up and down
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Periods go ______ on the periodic table
side to side
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Common names for group 1
alkali metals; sodium family
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Common names for group 2
alkali earth metals; calcium family
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Common names for Group 7
Halogens; salt producers
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Common name for group 8
Noble Gases; have 8 electrons in outer shell
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electronic arrangement
- we can view atoms as being a series of layers with only a certain # of electrons on each layer
- Bohr came up with the model
- start close to nucleus and go outward
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Valence electron
this is where most chemical reactions occur
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Inner electrons
not much happens here under normal conditions
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What are the names of the 4 subshells?
s, p, d, and f
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