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Type of Defensive Operation where bulk of force is held as a mobile striking force with strict economy applied to dedicated positional supporting efforts designed to canalize, delay, and disrupt the enemy's attack.
Mobile Defense
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Type of Defensive Operation that orients on retention of terrain by absorbing the enemy in an interlocking series of positions and destroying him largely by fires.
Area Defense
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Type of Defensive Operation that involves organized movement away from the enemy.
Retrograde
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In what type of Defensive Operation does the static positions help control the depth and breadth of enemy penetrations and ensure retention of ground from which to launch counterattacks.
Mobile Defense
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This type of defensive operation is normally conducted by a division sized force or larger.
Mobile Defense
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Type of Defensive Operation where the striking force, normally a mobile reserve, is the defensive main effort which ultimately destroys the enemy through counterattack.
Mobile Defense
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The type of Defensive Operation that mutual support and positions in depth force the enemy to expose his force in the attack to each position.
Area Defense
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Type of Defensive Operation where dynamic elements include patrols, intelligence units, and reserve forces to cover gaps among defensive positions, reinforcing those positions as necessary and counterattacking as directed.
Area Defense
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Two complementary characteristics of every defensive operation.
- Static element
- Dynamic element
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Three types of Defensive Operations
- Mobile Defense
- Area Defense
- Retrograde
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Key characteristic of sound defense
The ability of the commander to aggressively seek opportunities to take offensive action and wrest the initiative from the enemy.
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Type of Defensive Method that allows a unit freedom of action to accomplish its mission within assigned boundaries.
Normally orients on enemy forces rather retaining terrain.
Sector
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Type of Defensive Method oriented on the most likely enemy avenue of approach from which a unit may defend or attack.
Used to deny or delay the enemy the use of certain terrain or an avenue of approach.
Battle Position
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Type of Defensive Method that allows interlocking and overlapping observation and fields of fire across the company's front. Associated with the area's type of defense.
Orients in a single direction to take advantage of a linear terrain feature, such as a rive line or ridge or when a wide area must be defended.
Linear
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Type of Defense Method commanders may choose when conducting either area or mobile types of defense.
Focuses the energy of the defense in all directions.
Patrolling and security operations are usually prerequisites for a successful perimeter defense.
Perimeter
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Type of Defense Method which descends away from the enemy.
Organized so that the main defensive positions are masked from enemy observation and direct fire by topographical crest.
Reverse-slope
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Types of Defensive Methods?
- Sector, Battle Position, Strong Point, Linear, Perimeter, Reverse-Slope
- S,BP - SP,L - P,RS
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Type of Defense Method where the size of area to defend depends on situation, should not be larger than what unit can influence.
Commanders assign area giving flexibility to operate decentralized.
Sector
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Type of Defense Method that is generally linear in nature so that the defender is able to mass fires to maximize effects. May be part of a larger defense which may/may not also be linear in nature. Has for subtypes.
Assigned specific location to commander by higher, supports larger scheme of maneuver. Size of area vary with size of unit assigned.
Battle Position
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Type of Defese Method that aids defender in bringing massed surprised fires, useful if the enemy possesses weapons with greater range and/or accuracy.
Control is not by strength, but with fire and employment of obstacles is key to success.
Utilizes the battle position technique, with fires oriented towards enemy avenue of approach.
Reverse-Slope
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What are the four types of Battle Positions?
- Primary
- Alternate
- Supplementary
- Subsequent
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Ways to achieve depth?
- Engage the enemy at earliest chance with patrols and LP/OPs
- Employ weapons at max effective range
- Blocking positions, Obstacles, and supplementary positions in engagement area
- Plan use of least engaged unit and fire support units at decisive moment
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Purpose of Depth in the Defense?
- Depth is the positioning of mutually supporting defensive positions throughout the defensive battlespace to absorb and progressively weaken an enemy attack.
- Provides maneuver space within the defensive area for the maneuver of subordinate units against the enemy's main effort.
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Mission of Depth in the defense.
- -Disrupt the momentum of the attack, prevent breakthrough.
- -Force enemy into engagement area
- -Allow PLT CMD time to determine enemy ME and counter it
- -Force enemy to commit force before a non-decisive point
- -Disperse the effects of enemy fire
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A platoon should never go below __% security at any time.
25%
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Upon occupation the platoon should be at 100% security until the platoon commander decides to..
begin priorities of work.
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What does Alert Status determine.
What percentage of the unit is manning their weapons in primary positions in the defense.
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What is Stand-to?
All Marines are in full equipment with their weapons systems in their primary positions.
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When is Stand-to conducted?
Any time the platoon is vulnerable to enemy observation/attack or pre-determined times.
- 30min prior to/after sunrise/sunset
- depart/re-entry of friendly patrols
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What are the steps of Engagement Area development?
- 1. Identify all likely enemy avenues of approach
- 2. Determine likely enemy schemes of maneuver
- 3. Determine where to kill the enemy
- 4. Emplace weapon systems
- 5. Plan and integrate obstacles
- 6. Plan and integrate indirect fires
- 7. Conduct EA rehearsal
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Define Protective Obstacles?
Obstacles employed to protect the defending force from enemy's final assault; key components of survivability operations.
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How are Protective obstacles employed?
- Close to defensive positions
- Tied to Final Protective Fires (FPF)
- Emplaced by units normally without engineer's assistance
- Normally wire entanglements and/or hasty protective minefields
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Define Tactical Obstacles?
Obstacles that directly affect the enemy's ability to maneuver in a way that gives the defending force a positional advantage.
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What four specific effects do Tactical obstacles designed, sited, emplaced and integrated with fires to produce?
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