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LONE STAR TICK
common name from the single BLANK spot located on the female’s dorsal/upper surface at the tip/rear of the scutum (dorsal shield).
silvery
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LONE STAR TICK
lone star ticks attack BLANK more frequently than any other tick in the REGION
- humans
- eastern and southeastern states.
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LONE STAR TICK
it vectors the causal organisms of
BLANK
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF),
ehrlichiosis,
southern tick-associated rash illness (STAR),
heartland viral disease,
and possibly Lyme-like disease,
tularemia,
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LONE STAR TICK
it vectors the causal organisms of
tularemia,
BLANK
ehrlichiosis,
southern tick-associated rash illness (STAR),
heartland viral disease,
and possibly Lyme-like disease,
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF),
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LONE STAR TICK
it vectors the causal organisms of
tularemia,
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF),
BLANK
southern tick-associated rash illness (STAR),
heartland viral disease,
and possibly Lyme-like disease,
ehrlichiosis,
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LONE STAR TICK
it vectors the causal organisms of
tularemia,
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF),
ehrlichiosis,
BLANK
heartland viral disease,
and possibly Lyme-like disease,
southern tick-associated rash illness (STAR),
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LONE STAR TICK
and is a cause of tick
paralysis
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LONE STAR TICK
and tick-bite induced
red meat allergy.
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LONE STAR TICK
male with several inverted SHAPED whitish spots along rear margin.
horse shoe shaped
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LONE STAR TICK
The totally engorged female
drops off the host and seeks a sheltered place to lay her eggs.
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LONE STAR TICK
After a preoviposition or waiting period of 5-16 days, she lays an egg mass averaging 3,000-5,000 eggs (range few hundred to 9,000) over 7-23 days, and then
dies.
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LONE STAR TICK
Larvae BLANK attach to hosts which happen by, feed for 3-9 days to reach engorgement, and drop to the ground. They molt to nymphs (8-legged) in 13-46 days.
6 legged
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LONE STAR TICK
Egg laying begins in
early spring by overwintered females and continues into July.
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LONE STAR TICK
Larvae peak in late
July and August with late feeders overwintering as fed larvae.
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LONE STAR TICK
Adults that emerge after mid-July do not
feed and overwinter.
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LONE STAR TICK
Larvae, nymphs, and adults enter a non-feeding period in mid to late summer which is apparently triggered by
decreasing day length.
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LONE STAR TICK
bacterium Francisella tularensis.
tularemia
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LONE STAR TICK
rickettsial bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii
RMSF
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LONE STAR TICK
caused by the fluids injected during feeding.
tick paralysis
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LONE STAR TICK
Southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI) whose cause is
presently unknown (not Borrelia lonestari), is found in the eastern and southeastern United States.
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LONE STAR TICK
probably a vector of BLANK viral disease which is caused by a phlebovirus... but its vector status has yet to be determined.
Heartland
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LONE STAR TICK
Ehrlichiosis is caused by
rickettsial bacteria.
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LONE STAR TICK
is caused primarily by Ehrlichia chaffeenis and Ehrlichia ewingii.
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME)
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LONE STAR TICK
Tick-bite induced red meat allergy is caused by the
fluids injected by the tick during feeding.
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LONE STAR TICK
Bite of tick can cause a human to develop a meat allergy to
nonprimate mammalian meat and meat products.
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LONE STAR TICK
Red meat allergy symptoms... a delayed reaction of urticaria (BLANK) or anaphylaxis appearing 4–6 hours after eating red meat.
hives
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LONE STAR TICK
Red meat allergy symptoms... a delayed reaction of urticaria (hives) or BLANK appearing 4–6 hours after eating red meat.
anaphylaxis
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LONE STAR TICK
does not survive
indoors.
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LONE STAR TICK
If found indoors, it was probably
carried in on a pet or humans and dropped off when fully engorged.
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LONE STAR TICK
nymphs and adults may become stimulated by the
warmth and carbon dioxide from a host spending considerable time in the area and will drop to the ground, find the host, and climb onto it.
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LONE STAR TICK
Lone star ticks cannot survive long exposure to the
sun and are therefore typically found in shaded areas.
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LONE STAR TICK
The habitat must also contain both
small animal hosts for larvae and large animal hosts for adults.
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LONE STAR TICK
A relative humidity of greater than PERCENT is required for egg hatch and larval survival until host attachment.
65%
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LONE STAR TICK
Favorite habitat is the
woods to lawn or meadow transitional zone.
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LONE STAR TICK
Small animal larval hosts include
gray fox (Urocyon), cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus), striped skunk (Mephitis), raccoon (Procyon), cotton rat (Sigmodon), gray squirrel (Sciurus), cat, and ground nesting birds including bobwhite quail and chickens.
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LONE STAR TICK
Nymphs get on many of these same animals as well as
larger animals typical for adults.
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LONE STAR TICK
Adult hosts include
foxes (Urocyon), dogs, cats, cattle, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann)), wild turkey, and humans.
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LONE STAR TICK
Humans are attacked by
all 3 stages.
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LONE STAR TICK
The mouthparts are often broken off during removal which may result in
secondary infection.
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LONE STAR TICK
pesticide application should be in the
early spring to reduce the larvae and nymphs which overwintered.
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