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LC biology urinary system

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  1. Where in the nephron structure does filtration take place
    the glomerulus (cortex)
  2. Name 3 substances that do not pass through the glomerus. Give a reason for this
    • Anti-bodies
    • RBC
    • WBC
    • platelets
    • large undigested proteins do not pass through because too large and continue straight on to the efferent arteriole
  3. When the content of blood is passed through teh glomerus what does it become known as?
    Glomerulus filtrate
  4. In what structure of the kidney does filtration occur?
    Cortex
  5. In what structure of the kidney does Reabsobtion occur?
    Medulla
  6. List 3 ways in which the kidney is adapted
    • surrounded by a good blood supply
    • Walls of the nephron are one cell thick
    • having a large surface area (many of them)
  7. Excretion
    Removal of waste products of metabolism
  8. Egestion
    Removal of undigested food waste
  9. Filtration
    Removal of materials from the blood

    removing content of blood and passing it out of the blood and into the nephron of the kidney
  10. Reabsorption
    Returning materials to the blood from the nephron

    Returning of filtered content to the blood
  11. Name 3 products that must be excreted from the body and state the location?
    • Urea-kidneys-via filtration in the nephron
    • Co2-carbohydrates/lipids/proteins-lungs-Breathing
    • H2o-cellular respiration food-lungs/skin/kidney-breathing/sweating

    Salts-skin/lungs/kidney-breathing/sweating
  12. Where in the structure of the nephron does reabsorption of food molecules occur?
    Proximal convoluted tube
  13. Name 3 types of things reabsorbed at the pct
    • Amino acids
    • Triglycerides
    • Glucose
  14. By what transport mechanism is 1. water
                                                    2. Salt is reabsorbed
    • Water-osmosis
    • Salt- Active transport
  15. Name the blood vessel that supplies the kidney with food and oxygen. From what major blood vessel in the body is blood vessel derived?
    • Renal artery
    • Aorta
  16. Name the hormone which controls the amount of water reabsorbed into the body from the nephron?
    ADH (Anti-Diuretic-Hormone)
  17. Where is the hormone ADH produced?
    In the pituitary gland
  18. Where is the site of action of ADH
    Distal Convoluted tubeule
  19. What effect doe the hormone has on the structure on the nephron that influences reabsorption?
    Alters/increases the permeability of the nephron wall enabling more water to be reabsorbed less or more

    will determine the amount of water that will be reabsorbed
  20. Explain the role of ADH in water absorption from the kidney after a period of exercise
    The water level in the blood is low detected by the hypothalamus of the brain sends a message to the pituitary gland

    Stimulates high levels of ADH  (alters the permeability of the nephron

    Adh travels in the blood to the collecting duct/distal convoluted tubule

    ADH increases the permeability of the nephron wall enabling more water to be reabsorbed back into the blood

    a small volume of urine produced that will have yellow/brown appearance
  21. What group of biomolecules do hormones belong to?
    Proteins
  22. How do hormones travel around the body?
    in the blood
  23. Draw/ label structure of a kidney
  24. Draw/label structure of a nephron
  25. Is the kidney endocrine or exocrine?
    It is exocrine because it has a duct.
  26. In what section is the Bowmans capsule located
    In the cortex
  27. In what structure are the amino acids reabsorbed
    PCT
  28. In what situations will water levels drop?
    • after exercise
    • during periods of warm weather
    • consumption of salty foods
  29. Why is glucose absent from urine
    It is reabsorbed in the Proximal convoluted tubule
  30. What is the loop of Henle?
    For the remainder of the nephron water and salts are reabsorbed along the loop of Henle?
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Author
cat126
ID
351336
Card Set
LC biology urinary system
Description
questions from homeschool
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