LC electricity resistance, semi conductors and other stuff!

When a voltage is applied to a circuit

• electrical mains
• thermocouple
• A cell

the voltage is proportional to the current

for a metallic conductor at a constant temperature, the current will be proportional to the voltage

graph directly proportional

by electrons

by electrons

curved surface because at higher voltages the increased heat increases resistance, and limits the current

By ions

at higher voltages, no more ions can be created, limiting the current

higher curve slant than f.b

The cathode must be warmed.

At higher voltages, electrons move across the vacuum

graph: behind middle up curve slant to the right

by ions

graph: directly proportional behind the middle

by ions

directly proportional

of an object within an electrical circuit is defined as the ratio of the voltage across it to the voltage flowing through it

• R=V/I
• measured in ohm's

• the length (l)
• the cross-sectional area (A)
• the material from which the object is made (p)

R=pl/A

the resistance of a unit of that material