Part 7 (Chapter 8) Introduction to Urban and Industrial Integrated Pest Management

Baits generally consist of cellulose based material impregnated with an [a] or a slow acting [b]

Termites are [a] insects that live in groups called [b].

One of the primary means of communication among termites is via [a], which is the mutual exchange of nutrients and transfer of food between colony members.

The [a] caste serves specifically to protect the colony. They do this by gathering and then facing their large and hard heads and mandibles [b] when openings are made into termite colonies.

In order to present the results of a termite [a] to the client, it is necessary to make an adequate [b] of the building to be treated.

Termites construct tubes (called mud tubes) which serve to provide them with a [a] environment and [b] them from their enemies.

Modifying the structure so as to provide a barrier that cannot be penetrated by termites is called [a].

The major objective in soil treatment for subterranean termite control is to establish a [a] between the termite nest in the ground and the wood in a structure.

A tool used to force termiticide into holes through concrete slabs to the fill underneath is called a [a]. This device is essential, as it [b] the hole around the application rod during treatment.

A joist is one of a series of [a] beams used to support floor and ceiling loads, and supported in turn by larger beams, [b], [c], or [d].

Advantages of termite baits over liquids include
a.)best for use on slab foundation having heat ducts below

b.)usually less expensive

c.)always faster acting

d.)tend to be a more environmentally sound approach

Termite tubes (mud tubes)
a.)conceal the termites

b.)provide the termites a moist environment

c.)protect the termites from ants

d.)collect decaying wood

The Formosan subterranean termite:
a.)has the name Coptotermes formosanus.

b.)is one of the most aggressive and economically important species of termite.

c.)is often less difficult to control than other subterranean species.

d.)can be quite active when free of soil contact.

Periodic inspections to maintain the success of termite control treatments
a.)usually are made annually or semi-annually

b.)need not be as thorough as the initial inspection

c.)usually are not necessary

d.)include a very careful check of all wood near grade level

Foundations can be of the following general types:
a.)solid

b.)basement

c.)crawl space

d.)slab

Direct treatment strategies for IPM and Green termite management include
a.)physical barriers

b.)reducing wood and soil moisture

c.)repellent termiticides

d.)reduced-risk baits

Subterranean termites consume wood at approximately
a.)100 percent of their body weight each day

b.)2 to 3 percent of their body weight each day

c.)do not consume wood, only excavate it for nesting

d.)54 percent of their body weight each day

Subterranean termites are closely dependent upon specific environmental conditions such as
a.)moisture, to prevent desiccation (drying) of their soft bodies

b.)moisture, to provide a moist environment for the growth of microorganisms, particularly fungi

c.)warm temperatures

d.)very dry nesting areas

Swarmer termites differ from swarmer ants in that
a.)termites have broad waists while ants have thin waists

b.)swarmer termites are strong, powerful fliers

c.)termites have elbowed antennae and ants do not

d.)termites have two pairs of equal-length wings while ants have two pairs of unequal-length wings

Termite-shields
a.)are a physical barrier to direct termite invasion.

b.)make the termite progress less visible.

c.)force the termites to stop building tubes altogether.

d.)function mainly as an aid in termite detection.

Openings in mortar between bricks in lower courses to provide drainage for moisture that accumulates between bricks and sheathing

A basic slab type construction where the foundation wall and footing are separated from the concrete slab floor by an expansion joint.

Strips of aluminum, lead, tin or copper that are let into the joints of a wall so as to lap over gutters

A shield (metal) placed in or on a foundation wall, other mass of masonry, or around pipes to prevent passage of termites

A basic slab type construction where the concrete foundation footing and the slab floor are formed as one continuous unit

Name three (3) factors that influence the number and placement of below-ground monitoring stations.

Describe three (3) ways the professional can detect termite galleries in wood that are not visible from the surface.

For subterranean termite control, name three (3) procedures that are considered mechanical alterations.

Provide three (3) procedures that should be followed when a re-treatment is necessary