Pharm Ch21 Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs

Anticholinergic drugs block or inhibit the actions of _____ in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).

Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs are AKA as _____, _____, and _____.

Cholinergic-Blocking eye drops cause _____ of the pupil and _____ of the ocular lens, both of which are important for eye surgery.

Cholinergic-blocking eye drops cause decreased ______ caused by paralysis of ciliary muscles (cycloplegia)

Cholinergic-Blocking GI Drugs cause:

Which finding would the nurse anticipate when assessing a patient with an atropine overdose?

A. Bradycardia
B. Moist skin
C. Miosis
D. Urinary retention

Cardiovascular effects of cholinergic-blockers in high doses include increased ___ ___ & _____. One indication for use is the treatment of _____ _____ accompanied by hemodynamic compromise

Cardiovascular effects of cholinergic-blockers in low doses include _____ heart rate.

_____ is used primarily for cardiovascular disorders. I.e. diagnosis of ____ ____ dysfunction and symptomatic ____-____ heart block

Anticholinergic drugs are given preoperatively to control ____ and __ _____ during surgery.

Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs are used for the respiratory system to _____ _____ from the nose, mouth, pharynx, and bronchi, relax the smooth muscles in the ____ & ____, which leads to decreased airway resistance and _____.

Glycopyrrolate (Robinul) and an opioid are administered to a patient before surgery in the preoperative area. What is the intended effect of the glycopyrrolate (Robinul)?

A. Prevent nausea.
B. Control secretions during surgery.
C. Potentiate the action of the opioid.
D. Assist the patient in retaining urine during surgery.

Before administering tolterodine (Detrol), it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of which condition?

A. Cataracts
B. Angle-closure glaucoma
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypothyroidism

Anticholinergic drugs commonly cause the adverse effects of ___ ____, blurred vision, _____, and urinary retention. They also cause _____ dilation. The incidence of ___ ____ is much lower with the use of newer cholinergic blocker drugs i.e. darifenacin because the actions of these drugs are more specific for the _____ as opposed to the salivary glands. These drugs are contraindicated if narrow angle _____or urinary retention is present. The new cholinergic blocker drugs are not necessarily more effective.

_____is the antidote to an Atropine OD in pts who show extreme delirium or agitation and can conflict injury to themselves. Its routine use as an antidote for cholinergic blocker OD is controversial.

The treatment of cholinergic blocker OD consists of symptomatic and supportive _____. The pt should be hospitalized, with continuous ______ monitoring. Activated _____ is effective in removing from the GI tract any drug that has not yet been absorbed. Fluid therapy and other standard measures used for the treatment of _____ are instituted as needed.

Contraindications for Oxybutynin include:

Oxybutynin is a synthetic _____ drug.

Oxybutynin's uses are for _____ _____ and antispasmodic for _____ _____ associated with spinal cord injuries and congenital conditions such as spina bifida.

Tolterodine is used for _____ frequency/urgency, and urge incontinence caused by _____ over activity.

Tolterodine is a _____ _____ blocker

The Newer muscarinic receptor blocking drugs, like Tolterodine, are used for _____ frequency/urgency, and urge ______ caused by _____ over activity

Newer muscarinic receptor blocking drugs, that are used for urinary frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence caused by bladder over activity include:

Newer muscarinic receptor blocker drugs are associated with a much lower incidence of ___ _____, partly because of their pharmacologic specificity for the bladder as opposed to the salivary glands.

Elderly pts who take an anticholinergic drug need to be reminded that they are at greater risk for suffering ___ ____ because of decreased sweating and loss of normal ____ _____ mechanisms.

You must teach patients who take anticholinergics to limit _____ exertion and avoid ____ temperatures and strenuous _____.

You must teach patients who take anticholinergics of the importance of adequate ____ and ____ intake.

1. The nurse is providing education about cholinergic-blocking drug therapy to an older adult patient. Which is an important point to emphasize for this patient?

A. Avoid exposure to high temperatures.
B. Begin an exercise program to avoid adverse effects.
C. Stop the medication if excessive mouth dryness occurs
D. Limit liquid intake to avoid fluid overload.

The nurse is giving a cholinergic-blocking drug and will assess the patient for which contraindications to these drugs?

A. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
B. Peptic ulcer disease
C. Chronic bronchitis
D. Irritable bowel syndrome

When assessing for adverse effects of cholinergic-blocking drug therapy, the nurse knows that the patient may experience which drug effect? (Select all that apply.)

a. Diaphoresis
b. Dry mouth
c. Dilated pupils
d. Urinary frequency
e. Constipation

The nurse administering a cholinergic-blocking drug to a patient who is experiencing drug-induced extrapyramidal effects would assess for which therapeutic effect?

A. Decreased GI motility and peristalsis
B. Increased heart rate
C. Decreased bronchial secretions
D. Decreased muscle rigidity and tremors

During the assessment of a patient about to receive a cholinergic-blocking drug, the nurse will determine whether the patient is taking any drugs that may potentially interact with the anticholinergic, including which of these?

A. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline
B. Anticonvulsants, such as phenobarbita
C. Antibiotics, such as penicillin
D. Opioids, such as morphine sulfate

A patient has been given a prescription for transdermal scopolamine patches (Transderm-Scōp) for motion sickness for use during a vacation cruise. The nurse will include which instructions? (Select all that apply.)

a. “Apply the patch as soon as you board the ship.”
b. “Apply the patch 4 to 5 hours before boarding the ship.”
c. “The patch needs to be placed on a nonhairy area just behind your ear.”
d. “Change the patch every 3 days.”
e. “Rotate the application sites."

The nurse is assessing a patient who has a prescription for dicyclomine (Bentyl). Which condition is considered a contraindication to this medication?

A. GI atony
B. Overactive bladder
C. Irritable bowel syndrome
D. Diabetes mellitus