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ANTI-ICE - Which items are heated electrically?
- Windows
- pitot tubes
- static ports
- AOA vanes
- TAT probe (TAT in flight only)
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ANTI-ICE - Which items are heated Pneumatically?
- Outboard 3 slats (757)
- 3 mid wing leading edge slats (767)
- leading edge of the engine inlet cowl
- window defog
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ANTI-ICE - Wing control valves
Wing anti-ice control valves: electrically controlled and pneumatically operated valves (one each wing)
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ANTI-ICE - Wing switch/VALVE light
- WING switch ON: Open wing shutoff valves allow engine bleed air flow to outboard 3 slats.
- VALVE light: -valve not in commanded position.
- Operations: Inhibited on the ground as a function of air/ground logic.
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ANTI-ICE - STATUS - Flight: (Descent)
- STATUS - Flight: (Descent) ON at or below 22,000 ft., TEMPERATURE: TAT 10°C or less including SAT less than -40°C;
- CONDITIONS: Visible Moisture; Runway and/or taxiway is contaminated with standing water, slush, or snow.
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ANTI-ICE - Engine Cowl - Switch/VALVE light
- electrically controlled and pneumatically operated.
- a. ENGINE L or R switch ON: Engine inlet cowl leading edge is heated using engine bleed air. Engine idle is Increased.
- VALVE light-valve not in commanded position.
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ANTI-ICE - Engine Cowl AUTO
- Ignition is turned on automatically if ignition switch is in AUTO. (The other AUTO operation is ignition on continuously with flaps extended.)
- TAI and N1 bug appear as a function of switch position and is no indication that engine anti-ice is working properly.
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ANTI-ICE - Engine Cowl Operations
- Operations: i. Do not use engine anti-ice below -40°C OAT.
- STATUS: All Ground Ops - TEMPERATURE: OAT 10°C and below
- CONDITIONS: Visible moisture: precipitation; visibility 1 mile or less (1600m); RVR 5000 or less.
- STATUS: Flight (Climb & Cruise) - TEMPERATURE: TAT 10°C to SAT-40°C
- CONDITIONS: visible moisture present or anticipated.
- STATUS: Flight (Descent) - TEMPERATURE: TAT 10 C or less, including SAT less than - 40°C
- CONDITIONS: visible moisture present or anticipated.
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WINDOW HEAT - how are they heated? Which ones are heated?
- Electrically heated for anti-ice and anti-fogging. The side windows electrically heated for anti-fogging only. (No anti-ice.)
- Overheat protection is provided for all windows.
- Window cracked or crazed - no restrictions
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PASS SIGNS - RETURN TO SEAT/FASTEN SEAT BELTS selector in AUTO
- lights auto illuminate for any of the following:
- a. Landing Gear not up and locked, or
- b. Flap Lever not UP, or
- c. Cabin Altitude above 10,000 ft or
- d. MN DK ALERT
- USE OXY selected or
- Pressing the CARGO/DEPR switch
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MN DK ALERT - 3-position rotary switch
- AUTO position, MN DK ALERT activated if:
- Cabin alt exceeds 10,000'
- MN DK Cargo Fire Depress switch is pushed
- MN DK ALERT indications:
- Cabin entry lights, lavatory dome light, and alternating main deck cargo lights flash.
- Warning horn sounds in cabin; chime in lavatory.
- The Main Deck Alert system resets after 20 seconds.
- Rotate switch to RTS position, cabin lights flash (if ON) for 20 seconds but no horn.
- Rotate switch to USE OXY position, the entire Main Deck Alert system is activated for 20 seconds.
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CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL - MODE SEL
- a. AUTO 1 and 2 both identical but independent systems to auto control outflow valve.
- b. Auto 1 uses L AC, Auto 2 uses R AC.
- c. MAN uses STBY DC.
- d. AUTO 1/AUTO 2 - control outflow valve at rate set on AUTO RATE knob.
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CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL - AUTO RATE knob
- a. Index mark approx. 500 fpm climb/300 fpm descent.
- b. Min 50 fpm, max 2,000 fpm
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CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL - AUTO INOP light (Caution msg: CABIN AUTO INOP)
- both auto AC controllers inop or select switch
- in MAN
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CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL - Loss of either AUTO 1/AUTO 2
- No EICAS message, but will get a Status message.
- MANUAL Climb/Descend selector only active when Mode select switched to MAN. Directly drives outflow valve using STBY DC motor.
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CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL - Auto Rate Controller
- Sets limit for cabin rate of climb, descent, proportional to acft climb/descent.
- Enters cruise mode after acft in level flight for one minute
- leaving cruise altitude +/- 500 ft will cause the controller to enter climb/descent mode
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When will outflow valves close automatically?
- Above 11,000' automatically closes the outflow valve with aneroid switch.
- Resets when cabin descends below 9,500' (8,500)?
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Pressure differntial for TO and LDG
- .125 psi differential for takeoff and landing.
- When both throttles advanced greater than 10°, cabin pressurizes to slightly below airport elevation
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Max diff press? Positive and negative press relief?
- 8.6 psid reached at FL350 and is maintained up to FL431.
- 2 positive press relief valves, left side of the fuselage aft of the left wing
- open at 9.1 psid.
- 2 negative press relief valves on each electrically operated cargo door.
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CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROL - AUTO Mode failure
- Automaticly switches to other Auto mode.
- Failure of both auto controllers -outflow valve position freezes.
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LOSS OF PRESSURIZATION (cabin at 10,000)
- a. Siren sounds
- b. Master warning and CABIN ALT and CABIN ALTITUDE discrete lights ON.
- c. EICAS warning message, CABIN ALTITUDE.
- d. Cabin alt warning resets when cabin alt reaches 8,500 feet.
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EQUIP COOLING - Valves
- Inboard Supply Valve: supplies air from the left utility tunnel of the fwd lower cargo compartment to the cooling system.
- Overboard Exhaust Valve: ports equipment exhaust air overboard; if left open during takeoff, the acft will not pressurize. Closed in flight; closed on ground if fuselage skin
- temperature is 45°F.
- c. Override Valve: ports air overboard from the equipment cooling system. Normally closed in flight and ground.
- d. Bypass Valve: allows equipment exhaust air to reach the skin heat exchanger. Open when acft skin temp is 45°F.
- Air Conditioning Manifold Interconnect Valve: Allows conditioned air from the flight compartment to enter the equipment cooling system. 767-281, normally open to the flight compartment in flight as long as the left pack is ON. 767-300, normally closed unless OVRD is selected.
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OVHT light (Advisory msg: FWD EQPT OVHT)
- Low airflow or high temperature is sensed.
- Selection of STBY extinguishes and inhibits light for 5 minutes to allow cooling to start up before looking at it again.
- Selection of OVRD deactivates OVHT light, opens the override valve to port equipment cooling airflow overboard
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SMOKE light (Advisory msg: FWD EQPT SMOKE)
- Smoke is sensed in the forward equipment cooling ducts.
- Placing the EQUIP COOLING selector in OVRD allows conditioned air to be drawn in reverse through the system by differential pressure and exhausted overboard through the SMOKE/OVRD valve.
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NO COOLING light (Caution msg: FWD EQPT COOLING)
- No cooling airflow is sensed after selecting OVRD and indicates there is no reverse air flow for the E/E compartment avionics.
- STBY should be used if the NO COOLING Light illuminates after OVRD is selected.
- STBY ensures equipment cooling, but smoke removal will be with the normal flow of airplane exhaust air.
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EQUIP COOLING - on the ground
On ground both exhaust and supply fans operate and if the engines are shut down.
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EQPT COOLING SELECTOR
- AUTO-Ground: The sys is automatically configured dependent on engine operation, pack operation, air/ground logic and ambient temp. Both fans normally operate.
- AUTO-Flight: only the exhaust fan operates and the bypass shutoff valve is open. If the Exhaust fan fails the supply fan automatically switches on.
- STBY: positions equipment cooling system for inboard airflow.
- OVRD: positions equipment cooling system for reverse airflow.
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What happens if there is and Equipment cooling overheat on the ground?
- warning horn in the nose wheel well will sound
- Selecting OVRD on the ground causes the warning horn in the nose wheel well to sound.
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CARGO HEAT Switch
- provides power for shut off valve to open and heat control valve to cycle open and closed for automatic temperature control.
- The 3 lower cargo compartments regulated 45°F-90°F. No temp indicators
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CARGO OVHT light (Advisory msgs: FWD, AFT, BULK CARGO OVHT)
- cargo compartment temperature above standard control range (90°F).
- Shutoff valve signaled closed.
- If both valves are closed, OVHT light inhibited
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PNEUMATICS - AIR sources
- Engines
- APU
- ground air source
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PNEUMATICS - What is bleed air used for?
- Air conditioning
- Pressurization
- Engine start
- Cargo Heat
- Wing Anti-Ice and Engine Anti-Ice
- Center Hydraulic system Air Driven Pump (ADP)
- Hydraulic reservoir pressurization
- Thrust reverser operation (CF6-80C2 engines)
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PNEUMATICS - High and Low pressure air?
- LP used during high power settings
- HP used during low power settings (like during descent)
- HP is controlled by an electrically-controlled pressure actuated valve called the High Stage Valve (HSV).
- LP is protected from HP air by a check valve, which is closed during low-thrust settings.
- As thrust is increased, the HSV closes and the LP check valve opens to supply bleed air.
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PNEUMATICS - BLEED AIR VALVES
- Armed when the engine bleed air switches are selected ON.
- The valves are pressure actuated and remain closed until engine bleed air pressure is sufficient to cause forward flow.
- The valves may close when the APU is starting either engine.
- The valves may close when Ground Pneumatic Air is connected or during periods of low engine bleed air demand, such as when Air Conditioning Packs are OFF.
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PNEUMATICS - BLEED light (Caution msg: L, R ENG HPSOV)
- Overpressure problem
- HPV is open when commanded closed
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PNEUMATICS - HI STAGE light (Advisory msg: L, R ENG HI STAGE)
- Overheat problem
- HP shutoff valve commanded closed
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PNEUMATICS - APU bleed Air Supply
- Primarily used during ground ops for pack operation and engine starting.
- Can be used up to 17,000 feet.
- APU bleed air is connected to the center pneumatic duct.
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PNEUMATICS - APU BLEED VALVE
- Controlled by APU bleed air switch.
- VALVE light (Advisory msg: APU BLEED VAL) indicates valve not in commanded position.
- APU protected against reverse airflow from engines by a check valve.
- Bleed valve closes after first engine is started; opens again after engine bleed auto closes to start the next engine.
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PNEUMATICS - Ground Pneumatic Supply
- Two connectors Located on the left side of the fuselage, near the wing root.
- Check valves prevent air from leaking overboard or into ground pneumatic cart, when connected.
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Bleed Air Duct System - C Duct
- Supplies ADP
- Supplies aft and bulk cargo heat
- Supplies TAT for aspiration
- Supplies C Hyd Reservoir
- Can be protected from reverse airflow from the crossover duct by a normally-open electrically-operated isolation valve.
- C duct ISLN valve guarded in the ON (open) position.
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Bleed Air Duct System - L Duct
- Supplies L Pack
- Supplies L wing anti-ice
- Supplies L Hyd Reservoir
- Protected from reverse airflow from the crossover duct by a one-way check valve.
- L ISLN Valve - allows bleed air to flow from crossover duct to the L sys duct. Normally OFF (closed) for flight.
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Bleed Air Duct System - R Duct
- Supplies R Pack
- Supplies R wing anti-ice
- Supplies R Hyd Reservoir
- Protected from reverse airflow from the crossover duct by a one-way check valve.
- L ISLN Valve - allows bleed air to flow from crossover duct to the R sys duct. Normally OFF (closed) for flight.
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Bleed Air Duct System - Cross-over duct
- Supplies air through Land R isolation valves (normally closed, electrically-operated valves) to respective Land R ducts for engine starting and/or non-normal situation.
- Supplies forward cargo compt heat.
- Normal to fly with ISLN valves OFF (closed).
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DUCT LEAK light (Caution msgs: L, R BLD DUCT LEAK; BODY DUCT LEAK)
- Bleed air leak detected along the respective pneumatic duct.
- Leak detection accomplished using continuous loop type element that activates at a predetermined temperature.
- Bleed must be isolated and source turned off to prevent structural damage.
- When area in question cools sufficiently, the message disappears and light extinguishes.
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Air Conditioning
- 2 identical electrically-controlled, pneumatically operated PACKS (Pressurization/Air-Conditioning Kit)
- Supplies conditioned air to flight deck, fwd and aft cabin zones.
- Pack control, zone temperature control, fault detection and overheat protection are all automatic when the pack selector is in AUTO
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Air Conditioning - How are packs controlled?
- Each pack is controlled by two identical Auto Pack Controllers.
- Pack output automatically increased (high flow) during high pack demand periods (like a failed pack).
- Pack output automatically limited (low flow) during high bleed air demands, such as with a failed engine.
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Air Conditioning - Pack Valve
- Electrically-controlled, pneumatically-operated
- Shut off valve for Pack
- Flow control valve for Pack; controls flow rate to a schedule based on airplane altitude.
- PACK OFF light = Pack Valve closed
- Pack selector to AUTO or STBY sends an open signal to this valve.
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Air Conditioning - Air conditioning auto mode (Pack selector in AUTO)
- Pack output temp determined by Land R Cabin Temp Controllers. Output temp is determined by the coldest request.
- Pack internal overheat protection is active when Pack is active.
- Pack exit air is monitored by the "exit air overheat" sensors.
- Zone temp is satisfied by the Zone Temp Controllers using trim air.
- Air is ducted to a mix manifold
- Compartment temp detects actual temp sensed in the compartment.
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Air Conditioning - PACK HIGH FLOW
- Armed whenever pack is on. Higher than normal air flow is provided:
- On ground, when APU or ground pneu cart is supplying air
- 1 pack inop
- Max engine thrust limit automatically reduced.
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Air Conditioning - PACK HIGH FLOW INHIBIT
- Wing anti-ice is ON and only one engine supplying bleed air.
- 1 engine inop
- Flaps not up
- Aft cargo compt BTL DISCH arming switch pushed
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Air Conditioning - Air Conditioning STBY Mode
- Pack output temp determined by pack selector position.
- N(normal) yields a constant, moderate temperature. 24°C
- W (warm) yields an output temp that is controlled by ram air flowing across the pack heat exchangers and will be dependent upon ambient condition
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Air Conditioning - Ground Conditioned Air
- Plugs into the L distribution system
- Dumps into mix manifold.
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Air Conditioning - Zone INOP light (Advisory msg: L, R PACK TEMP)
- Fault in the zone temp controller
- The compartment temp selector is OFF. (FWD/AFT cabin only)
- The Trim Air switch is OFF if all 3 come on.
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Air Conditioning - Fit Deck MAN
If Fit Deck MAN -(manual control) for flight deck and is spring loaded to 6 o'clock position when selected.
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Pack INOP light (Advisory msg: L, R PACK TEMP)
- Exit air overheat. Selecting STBY will NOT extinguish the light. After 5 minute cooling period, attempt to restore pack operation by pushing Pack Reset Switch
- Pack internal overheat
- Auto controller fault. Selecting STBY will extinguish light
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Air Conditioning - PACK OFF light
pack valve is closed. The other pack goes to Hi flow to compensate.
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GENERAL - WARNING HORN SOUNDS for:
- APU fire (on P40 panel on back of nose strut).
- Ground crew call horn in nose wheel well sounds if the equipment cooling selector is put to OVRD on the ground.
- Ground crew call horn in nose wheel well sounds if IRUs still on 5 minutes after main AC power is shut down.
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