-
genes are carried on
chromosomes
-
the chromosomes of eukaryotic cess are found in the
nucleus
-
a duplicated chromosome consists of two
centromeres
-
sister chromatids are joined at the
centromere
-
are are the four stages of mitosis
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
-
the correct sequence of the stages of the cell cycle is
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
-
what occurs during anaphase
centromeres divide
-
a cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would
have two nuclei
-
skkin cancer is a type of
carcinoma
-
what is the sex chromosome complement of a normal human female
xx
-
chromosomes that do not determine sex are called
autosomes
-
how many autosomes do humans have
44
-
During prophase 1, the pairing of homologous chromosomes results in the formation of a
tetrad
-
during metaphase 1
tetrads line up on the midline of the cell
-
upon completion of telphase 1 and cytokinesis there are _____ cells
two diploid
-
Crossing over during prophase I results in
duplication
-
the genetic material is duplicated during ______.
the S phase
-
The ______ is the trait most commonly found in nature.
wild type
-
The mating between a pedigreed chihuahua and a Great Dane would produce a(n)
hybrid
-
What are alleles?
alternate forms of a gene
-
A true-breeding plant that produces red flowers is crossed with a true-breeding plant that produces blue flowers. All of the flowers of all of the offspring are red. Why?
the red allele is dominant to the blue allele
-
A true-breeding plant that produces red flowers is crossed with a true-breeding plant that produces blue flowers to produce F1 plants that have red flowers. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of flower color of the offspring of an F1 x F1 cross?
3:1
?
-
Blue eyes are recessive to brown eyes. What genotypic ratio is expected when an individual with blue eyes mates with an individual heterozygous for brown eyes?
1:1
-
Virus disease are difficult to identify because
they don't have their own metabolism
-
Which of these crosses will only produce heterozygous offspring?
aa x aa
-
A couple has two male children. What is the probability that their next child will be male?
50%
-
All the offspring of a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant have pink flowers. This means that the allele for red flowers is ______ to the allele for white flowers
incomplete dominant
-
DNA and RNA are polymers of ______ monomers.
nucleotide
-
RNA contains ______, whereas DNA contains ______.
uracil... thymine
-
In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with ______ and guanine pairs with ______.
thymine.. cytosine
-
What name is given to the collection of traits exhibited by an organism?
phenotype
-
what is transcription
the manufacture of a strand of RNA complementary to a strand of DNA
?
-
Translation converts the information stored in ______ into ______.
RNA.. a polypeptide
-
If a strand of DNA has the sequence AAGCTC, transcription will result in a(n) ______.
single RNA strand with the sequence: UUCGAG
-
When you started out, you were a single cell. You are now made of many cells; some of these cells function as liver cells, some as muscle cells, some as red blood cells. What name is given to the process that is responsible for this?
cellular differentiation
-
The process by which genotype becomes expressed as phenotype is ______.
cleavage
-
Which of the following are possible uses of reproductive cloning?
- A) the production of genetically identical animals for experimentation
- B) the production of potentially valuable drugs
- C) the production of organs in pigs for transplant into humans
- D) the improvement of the quality of farm animals
- E) All of the choices are correct.
e
-
What is a difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?
) Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated; adult stem cells are partially differentiated.
-
What name is given to cancer-causing genes?
oncogenes
-
Which of these lifestyle choices will NOT increase cancer risk?
high fiber diet
alcohol abuse, tobacco use, and tanning booths can cause it though
-
The Human Genome Project has the potential to ______.
- A) lead to treatments for inherited diseases
- B) lead to treatments for contagious diseases
- C) increase our understanding of the historical relationships among species
- D) aid in the solving of crimes
- E) play a role in all of the choices listed here
e
-
What is recombinant DNA?
DNA that carries genes from different organisms
-
The world's first genetically engineered pharmaceutical product was ______.
humulin
-
Which of these can act as a vector to introduce new genes into a cell?
plasmids
-
What are sticky ends?
single-stranded ends of fragments of double-stranded DNA
-
Sticky ends are produced as a result of the action of ______.
a restriction enzyme
-
You are attempting to determine the identity of a criminal. The only evidence is a tiny drop of blood. How can you use this drop of blood to identify the specific individual?
You can use gel electrophoresis to determine the length of the DNA found in the sample.
-
Cutting DNA with a particular restriction enzyme produces ______ that can be separated by gel electrophoresis
restriction fragments
-
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments on the basis of differences in their ______.
length
-
According to Mendel's principle of segregation, ______.
gametes have one copy of each allele
-
An individual who is heterozygous ______.
carries two different alleles for a gene
-
mitosis
provides for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction
in the end has 2 diploid cells
-
meiosis
production of egg and sperm
in the end has 4 haploid cells
-
crossing over occurs during
prophase 1 in meiosis
-
independent assortment occurs
druing metaphase 1 in meiosis
-
Gregor Mendel
father of genetics
-
james watson and francis
double helix DNA
-
transcription
occurs in nucleus
-
translation
occurs in the cytoplasm
-
interphase
90% of cell cycle
- G 1- preparing (organells replaced)
- S phase- chromosome duplication
- G 2- preparing for mitosis
-
-
-
-
crossing over
homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information
|
|
