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The process that accounts for an individual's intensity direction and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal
Motivation
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Physiological, safety, social, self-esteem, and self actualization-in which, as each need is substantially satisfied the next becomes more dominant.
Hierarchy of Needs (Abraham Maslow)
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Hunger, thirst, shelter, sex and other bodily needs.
Physiological
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Protection from physical and emotional harm.
Safety-Security
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Affection, belongingness, acceptance, and friendship.
Social
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Internal factors such as self-respect, autonomy, achievement and external factors such as status, recognition, and attention.
Esteem
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Drive becomes what we are capable of becoming; includes growth, achieving our potential and self-fulfillment.
Self Actualization
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A theory that relates intrinsic factors to job satisfaction and associates extrinsic factors with dissatisfaction. Also called motivation-hygiene theory.
Two factor Theory
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A theory that achievement, power, and affiliation are three important needs that help explain motivation
McClelland's theory of needs
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The drive to excel, to achieve in relationship to a set of standards and strive to succeed,
Need for Achievement (McClelland's Theory)
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The need to make others behave in a way in which they would not have otherwise.
Need for power(McClelland's Theory)
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The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships.
Need for affiliation (McClelland's Theory)
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A theory of motivation that is concerned with beneficial effects of intrinsic motivation and the harmful effects of extrinsic motivation.
Self-Determination Theory
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A version of self-determination theory in which allocating extrinsic rewards for behavior that had been previously intrinsically rewarding tends to decrease the overall level of motivation if rewards are seen as controlling.
Cognitive evaluation-theory
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The degree to which people's reasons for pursuing goals are consistent with their interests and core values.
Self-concordance
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a theory that specific and difficult goals with feedback, lead to higher performance.
Goal Setting theory.
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A self-regulating strategy that involves striving for goals through advancement and accomplishment
Promotion focus
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A self-regulation strategy that involves striving for goals by fulfilling duties and obligations
Prevention focus
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A program that encompasses specific goals, participatively set, for an explicit time period and including feedback on goal progress.
Management by Objectives
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An individual's belief that s/he is capable of performing a task.
Self-efficacy theory
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A theory that behavior is a function of its consequence.
Reinforcement
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A theory that behavior follows stimuli in a relatively unthinking manner.
Behaviorism
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The view that we can learn through both observation and direct experience.
Social-learning theory
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A Theory that individuals compare their job inputs and outcomes with those of others and then respond to eliminate any inequities.
Equity Theory
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An overall perception of what is fair in the workplace, composed of distributive, procedural informational, and interpersonal justice.
Organizational justice
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Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals.
Distributive Justice
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The perceived fairness of the process and determined the distribution of rewards.
Procedural justice
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The degree to which employees are provided truthful explanations for decisions.
Informational justice
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The degree to which employees are treated with dignity and respect.
Interpersonal Justice
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a theory that the strength of tendency to act in a certain way depends on the strength of an expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Expectancy Theory
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The investment of an employees physical cognitive and emotional energies into job performance
Job engagement
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