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Digestive System/Metabolism

  1. gastritis
    • inflammation of the stomach lining
    • more common in women
  2. ulcers
    • caused by h pylori
    • black tarry stools, foul-smelling fecal matter from haemoglobin
  3. IBD vs IBS
    IBD = autoimmune, includes crohns and ulcerative colitis
  4. ulcerative colitis
    only affects large intestine
  5. crohns
    • affects any and all parts of GI tract
    • affects males more
    • looks like bubbles
  6. leaky gut
    • can cause autoimmune when food is not digested
    • can float in blood stream and clot
    • damage to small intestines can cause leaky gut
    • can cause depression and skin issues
  7. large intestine
    • ulcerative colitis
    • diverticulitis
    • IBS
  8. small intestine
    • IBD
    • IBS
    • leaky gut
    • celiac disease
  9. cellular respiration
    • glycolysis
    • kreb cycle
    • ETC
  10. electron transporters in Kreb
    • NADH
    • FADH
  11. Kreb
     (2 turns)
    • acetyl coa
    • co2 released
    • matrix of mitochondria
    • products:
    • 2 ATP
    • 2 FADH2 
    • 6NADH
  12. ETC
    34 ATP
  13. FADH2
    2 ATP
  14. NADH
    3 ATP
  15. chemiosmosis
    uses H+ gradients membrane to phosphorylate ADP
  16. Hormones in the FI
    • PYY - suppressant
    • ghrelin - stimulant
    • cholecystokinin - suppressant
  17. ketogenic diet
    sympathetic dominant
  18. cholesterol makes
    • hormones
    • vitamin D
    • substances that help you digest food (bile)
  19. types of cholesterol
    • LDL 
    • VLDL
    • HDL
    • chylomicrons
  20. LDL
    • low density lipoproteins
    • bad
    • transport cholesterol from liver to the tissues
  21. VLDL
    transport triglycerides from liver to adipose tissue and muscles for storage and energy
  22. HDL
    • high density lipoproteins
    • good
  23. chylomicrons
    transport triglycerides from the intestines to the tissue
  24. absorptive
    • glucagon 
    • insulin
  25. postabsorptive
    • fasting
    • glucagon
    • sympathetic nervous system and several hormones
  26. insulin
    • prevents blood sugar from getting too high 
    • takes excess glucose and STORES it (glucogenesis) 
    • parasympathetic
  27. glucagon
    • prevents blood sugar from getting too LOW 
    • glycogenolysis (breaking down fat, aka lipogenesis)
  28. thyroid hormones and thermoregulation
    • BMR - energy body needs while at rest
    • thyroid hormone - controlled by the pituitary gland (controlled by hypothalamus)
  29. hypothalmic thermostat
    • monisters blood temperature
    • receives signals from perpheral thermoreceptors in the skin
  30. radiation
    tries to equilise with temp outside by releasing heat
  31. conduction
    direct contact with a surface that's a lower temperature
  32. evaporation
    go figure
  33. convection
    stirring of the air (wind chill)
Author
misol
ID
350498
Card Set
Digestive System/Metabolism
Description
AP 4 PCOm
Updated

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