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THREE MAJOR TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS
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ARTERIES
LARGE BLOOD VESSELS THAT CARRY BLOOD AWAY FROM THE HEART TO ALL REGIONS OF THE BODY
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ENDARTERIAL
PERTAINING TO THE INNER PORTION OF AN ARTERY WITHIN AN ARTERY
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AORTA
LARGEST BLOOD VESSEL IN THE BODY, THE MAIN TRUNK OF THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM AND BEGINS FROM THE LEFT VENTRICLE OF THE HEART
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CAROTID ARTERIES
THE MAJOR ARTERIES THAT CARRY BLOOD UPWARD TO THE HEAD. ANY DISRUPTION IN THIS FLOW OF BLOOD CAN RESULT IN A STROKE OR OTHER BRAIN DAMAGE
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ARTERIOLES
THE SMALLER, THINNER BRANCHES OF ARTERIES THAT CARRY BLOOD TO THE CAPILLARIES
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VEINS
- FORM A LOW-PRESSURE COLLECTING SYSTEM TO RETURN OXYGEN-POOR BLOOD TO THE HEART
- - WALLS OF THE VEINS ARE THINNER AND LESS ELASTIC THAN THOSE OF ARTERIES
- - HAVE VALVES THAT ENABLE BLOOD TO FLOW ONLY TOWARD THE HEART AND PREVENT IT FROM FLOWING AWAY FROM THE HEART
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VENULES
SMALLEST VEINS THAT JOIN TO FORM THE LARGER VEINS
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VENAE CAVAE
THE TWO LARGEST VEINS IN THE BODY. THESE ARE THE VEINS THAT RETURN BLOOD INTO THE HEART.
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SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
TRANSPORTS BLOOD FROM THE UPPER PORTION OF THE BODY TO THE HEART
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INFERIOR VENA CAVA
TRANSPORTS BLOOD FROM THE LOWER PORTION OF THE BODY TO THE HEART
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CAPILLARIES
SMALLEST BLOOD VESSELS IN THE BODY. THEY FORM NETWORKS OF EXPANDED VASCULAR BEDS THAT HAVE THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF DELIVERING OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS TO THE CELLS OF THE TISSUES.
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PULSE
THE RYTHMIC PRESSURE AGAINST THE WALLS OF AN ARTERY CAUSED BY THE CONTRACTION OF THE HEART
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BLOOD PRESSURE
THE MEASUREMENT OF THE AMOUNT OF SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC PRESSURE EXERTED AGAINST THE WALLS OF THE ARTERIES
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SYSTOLIC PRESSURE
OCCURS WHEN THE VENTRICLES CONTRACT, IS THE HIGHEST PRESSURE AGAINST THE WALLS OF THE ARTERY
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SYSTOLE
CONTRACTION OF THE HEART
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DIASTOLIC PRESSURE
OCCURS WHEN THE VENTRICLES ARE RELAXED, IS THE LOWEST PRESSURE AGAINST THE WALLS OF THE ARTERY
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DIASTOLE
RELAXATION OF THE HEART
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BLOOD
THE FLUID TISSUE IN THE BODY. COMPRISED OF 55% LIQUID PLASMA AND 45% FORMED ELEMENTS.
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PLASMA
A STRAW-COLORED FLUID THAT CONTAINS NUTRIENTS, HORMONES, AND WASTE PRODUCTS. PLASMA IS 91% WATER AND THE REMAINING 9% CONSISTS MAINLY OF PROTEINS, INCLUDING THE CLOTTING PROTEINS.
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FIBRINOGEN AND PROTHROMBIN
THE CLOTTING PROTEINS FOUND IN PLASMA. THEY HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CLOT FORMATION TO CONTROL BLEEDING.
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SERUM
IS PLASMA FLUID AFTER THE BLOOD CELLS AND THE CLOTTING PROTEINS HAVE BEEN REMOVED.
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