P92_Ch7 (Main accounting princples and practices)

  1. What is financial accounting?
    Financial accounting is a business discipline which consists of a series of techniques and procedures that are used to identify, measure, record and communicate information, including financial information, about an organisation to a range of people who may be interested in it.
  2. In what ways does mangement accounting differ from financial accounting?
    • Structure (a/c equation)
    • Sources (transactional/ varied)
    • Format (monetary / non-monetary financial information)
    • Time periods (historical / forcasts)
    • Regulation
    • Legal requirement to publish accounts
    • access to management accounting information
    • audit requirements
  3. Who uses financial information?
    • Owners
    • Directors & managers
    • Employees
    • The public
    • Tax authorities
    • Financial analysts
    • Creditors & lenders
    • Competitors
    • Brokers
    • Customers
    • FSA
  4. Define shareholders' equity
    ...the stake shareholders have in a company.

    Calculating total value of assests less total value of liabilities
  5. Define capital and regulatory capital
    Capital: the sum of the equity and long term debt used to finance the business

    Regulatory capital: the sum of the equity and long term debt that is classified as regulatory capital
  6. What is a creditor?
    ...any individual / organisation to whom a debt is owed. Once the money is paid then the relevant accounting entries will be made to reflect the elimination of the liability and the reduction in cash available.
  7. How is depreciation looked at on financial accounts?
    ...the cost of an assest will be apportioned over the financial period during which the business will benefit from the use of that assest.

    • Cost of asset - scrap or residual value
    • The life of the assest
  8. What is the accounting equation and what does it express?
    The a/c equation express the relationship between the things owned by a business and the funds which were used to buy them.

    Assets = Equity + Liabilities
  9. Assests (current & non-current)
    • Current (in use for less than one year)
    • Cash
    • Stock > raw materials, WIP & finished goods
    • Debtors

    • Non-current (in use for more than one year)
    • Goodwill and other intangible assets
    • Property
    • Investments
  10. Liabilities (Current & non-current)
    • Current (> 1yr)
    • Bank overdraft
    • Trade creditors

    • Non-current (> 1yr)
    • Loans
    • Mortgages
    • bond issues
  11. Long term liabilities (other than current & non-current liabilities)
    • Share Capital
    • Reserves
  12. Working capital
    ...money used to pay for day to day trading activities. Used to pay for wages, raw materials and other overheads


    • Current assests - current liabilities
    • (aka net current assests)
  13. Assests employed
    Non-current assests + working capital
  14. What statutory notes are found on insurance companies income (P&L) statements
    • segment reporting (direct, broker, ect)
    • continued & discontinued operations
    • effect on profit of a change in accounting policy
    • investment return
    • operating expences
    • employee information
    • earnings per share
    • directors' remuneration
    • tax
    • dividend
Author
sweetmc
ID
34910
Card Set
P92_Ch7 (Main accounting princples and practices)
Description
P92_Ch7 (Main accounting princples and practices)
Updated