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misnomer
- improper use of words
- arises because the thing named received name before true nature was known
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noxious
harmful, poisonous, unpleasant
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obnoxious
extremely unpleasant
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female circumcision is misnomer
genital mutilation is correct nomenclature
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phimosis
inability to retract distal foreskin over the glans penis
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phimosis types
- physiologic phimosis - naturally in newborn males
- pathologic phimosis - inability to retract foresin after retractable or after puberty (distal scarring)
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paraphimosis
- entrapment of retracted foreskin behind coronal sulcus
- disease of uncircumcised or partial circumcised
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omphalocele
congenital malformation in which amounts of abdominal content protude into base of umbilical cord
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hiatal hernia
when stomach protrudes into chest cavity
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gastrectomy
- gastro = stomach
- tomy = resection
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mastectomy
- mast = breast
- tomy = removal
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gynecomastia
abnormally large mammary glands in males
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gigantomastia
hypertrophy of breast, rare cnnective tissue disorder
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lumpectomy
removal of lump, mass, tumor
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pathogenesis
- pathos = disease
- genesis = development
- mechanism by which ethnological factor causes disease
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Etiology
- is the study of causation
- aita = cause
- logos = concerned with
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cancerogenesis
process that leads to development of cancer
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angiogenesis
- angio = vessel root prefix
- neo = new suffix root
- genesis = generate suffix root
the process of formation of new blood vessels
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hypo/hyper-glycemia
- low blood sugar
- hypo - below normal
- hyper - above norma
- glyc - sugar
- emia - low
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hypotrophy
progressive degeneration of organ or tissue casued by loss of cells
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hypertrophy
nontumorous enlargement of organ or tissue as a result of increase in size rather than cells
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acromegaly
syndrome that results when the anterior pituitary gland produces excess growth hormone after epiphyseal plate closure at puberty
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anatomy
- study of living beings
- ana = up
- temnein = to cut
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body ectioning
- saggital plane
- transverse plane
- coronal plane (corona in front)
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hands and feet
palmar, plantar
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proximal
closure to center of the body
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distal
farther from center of the body
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common prefix
- epi - above
- hypo
- hyper
- inter - between
- meta - change
- peri - around
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common suffixes
- eal - pertaining to
- iac/ic - pertaining to
- ism - process
- ose - pertaining to
- plasm - formation
- somes - bodies
- tomy - resection
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