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Parthenocopic
- Species that do NOT require fertilization to produce fruit
- ex. fig, apple, peach, cherry, birch
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Respiration
- Glucose + Oxygen > Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water
- The reverse of photosynthesis where the plant is using stored energy
- *photosynthesis must exceed respiration
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Gymnosperms
- Flowers are pollen and seed cones
- Evergreen trees
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Imperfect Flower
Does NOT have male and female reproductive parts in the same flower.
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Monoecious
Male and female flowers are found on the same plant
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Dioecious
Male and female flowers are on different plants
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Chlorophyll
- Pigment found in plants that aid in photosynthesis.
- Reflects the green spectrum of light.
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Tropism
The orientation and direction a plant grows in response to external stimuli
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Apical Dominance
Controlled by the hormone, Auxin. The main central stem is dominant over the side stems.
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Photosynthesis
- Carbon Dioxide + Water in the presence of light > Oxygen + Photosynthate (sugars, carbohydrate)
- *must exceed respiration
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Complete Flower
- A flower with petals and sepals. Lower ring of sepals called the calyx are usually green.
- Ex. Apples, cherries, nectarine
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Perfect Flower
Contains both male (pollen bearing stamens) and femal (pistil) reproductive parts
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Fruit
- A developed ovary.
- Fleshy portion is a fertilized ovary
- Seeds are ovules
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Excurrent
- Strong apical dominance.
- Central leader has growth priority.
- Pyramidal shape
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Angiosperm
- Has flowers
- Deciduous trees
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Phototropism
A plants drive to grow toward a light source
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Decurrent
- Rounder trees
- Apical buds are slowed and lateral buds keep pace
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Chloroplasts
Organelles found in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis by capturing light energy to convert to photosynthate.
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Geotropism
A plants drive to grow in an upward direction.
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Transpiration
- The loss of water in the form of vapor from the leaves and lenticels.
- When transpiration exceeds absorption, cells lose turgor and wilt.
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Auxin
A hormore that controls growth in plants. Found in root and shoot tips and drives them to elongate.
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