SOLITARY BEHAVIOR

Males and females overwinter in burrows.

Digger bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Mining bees. Plasterer and Yellow faced bees.

Coat burrow with anti fungal and waterproof secretion.

Digger bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Mining bees. Plasterer and Yellow faced bees.

Some females may share a nest but are not truly social.

Digger bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Mining bees. Plasterer and Yellow faced bees.

Some _ are parasitic

Digger bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Mining bees. Plasterer and Yellow faced bees.

Non aggressive, beneficial pollinators. Will only sting if forcibly handled.

Sweat and alkali bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Some species are attracted to sweat

Sweat and alkali bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Adults chew and can damage oranmental plants

Sweat and alkali bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Females provision nest with large insects and lay eggs on them. Adults are usually seen in mid late summer

Sweat and alkali bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Adults are usually seen in mid late summer

Sweat and alkali bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Adults consume nectar. Solitary hunters. Sometimes called digger wasps.

Sweat and alkali bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Grasshoppers, beetles, and spiders are also used as hosts.

Sweat and alkali bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Hosts are paralyzed by sting, but not killed.

Sweat and alkali bees. Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Trypoxylon clavatum. Trypoxylon politum.

Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Eggs placed in individual tubal chambers. Larvae molt several times and pupate within brood cell. Adult wasps emerge in spring.

Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Solitary wasp. Larvae molt several times and pupate within brood cell. Males uncommon before mid summer.

Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Female wasps construct tubular nesting cells out of moist clusters of mud.

Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Females sting and paralyze spiders and provision each tubal chamber with a spider and an egg.

Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Nests are often affixed to ceilings and walls of buildings. Characteristic vertical, thin tubes constructed in a row.

Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Males guard brood chambers. Adults consume nectar. Docile behavior.

Mason/Leafcutter bees. Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber.

Females parasitize other insects in their nest or chamber.

Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber. Velvet ants.

Females can five incredibly painful sting.

Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber. Velvet ants.

Cow killer

Cicada killer. Black and yellow mud dauber. Organpipe mud dauber. Velvet ants.

Females chew narrow tunnels into dry wood (lumber dead trees).

Sweat and alkali bees. Cicada killer. Carpenter bees. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Cells within tunnel and filled with pollen, nectar, and 1 egg.

Sweat and alkali bees. Cicada killer. Carpenter bees. Black and yellow mud dauber.

Cellls are divided by wood chips and saliva (usually 6 cells per tunnel)

Sweat and alkali bees. Cicada killer. Carpenter bees. Black and yellow mud dauber.

In late summer, adults emerge from their cell and the tunnel.

Sweat and alkali bees. Cicada killer. Carpenter bees. Black and yellow mud dauber.