-
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
-
Atypical antipsychotic to induce hyperprolactinoma:
- High:risperidone
- Little:olanzapine,ziprasidone.
- No:clozapine
-
Drug targeting both HBV n HIV:
Tenofovir
- Lamivudine.
- Emtricitabine.
-
Anti CD25 drugs:
- Anti CD20:Rituximab.
- Anti CD3:Muromonab.
- Anti CD52:Alemtuzumab.
-
Drugs not requiring lab coagulant profile monitoring:
Dabigatran.(direct factor xa inhibitor).
Heparin,warfarin,argatroban require close monitoring.
-
Antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy:
- First line agents:methyl dopa,labetolol.
- Second line:hydralazine,nifedipine,clonidine.
- Avoided:atenolol,diuretics,nitroprusside.
-
Testing of HLA-B57 is needed for:
Abacavir.
-
Thrombin receptor antagonist:
Vorapaxar.
-
D-tubocurarine is:
Competitive,non-depolarizing block at Nm cholinergic receptors.
-
Neprilysin inhibitor:
Sacubitril.
-
Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by:
- Hyperkalemia.
- Angiotensin-2,3
- ACTH.
- Vasopressin,endothelin,sertonin.
- Inhibitory:
- ANP
- Somatostatin
- Dopamine
-
MOA of fluconazole.
Inhibits lanosterol 14-demethylase.
Allylamines inhibits squalene apoxidase n blocks biosynthesis of ergosterol.
Flucytosine interferes with DNA n RNA synthesis.
Griseofulvin causes disruption of mitotic spindle n inhibition of fungal mitosis.
-
Serious interaction with tadalafil occurs with:
Nitrates.
Causes potentially fatal hypotension.
Nitric oxide pathway:cGMP.
-
Glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor:
- Metyrapone.
- Etomidate.
- Ketoconazole.
-
Fifth generation cephalosporin active against MRSA:
Ceftaroline.
- Other 5th generation:
- Anti-pseudomonal:ceftolozane.
- Anti-pseudomonal n Anti-MRSA:ceftobirole.
-
JAK inhibitors:
Tofacitinib.
- TNF inhibitors:
- Eternacept.
- Infliximab.
- Adalimumab.
- Golimumab.
- Certolizumab.
-
Topical steroids high potency drugs include:
Class 2 n 3.(eg. Betamethasone).
Ultrahigh:class 1.(clobetasol).
Moderate:class 4,5(hydrocortisone valerate).
Low:6,7(desonide-class 6,hydrocortisone acetate-7).
-
MOA of aprepitant:
NK1 antagonist.(chemotherapy induced nausea n vomiting).
- Ondansetron,granisetron:5-HT3 antagonist.
- (Chemotherapy n radiation induced emesis.
- Postoperative emesis).
Others antiemetic:
Neuroleptics:chlorpromazine,prochlorperazine.
-
Antihistamines classification:
- Highly sedative:
- Diphenhydramine,dimenhydrinate.
- Moderately sedative:
- Pheniramine,promethazine.
- Mild sedative:
- Chlorpheniramine,Triprolidine.
- Second generation(least sedative).
- Fexofenadine.
- Loratadine.
- Cetrizine.
- Levocetrizine.
- Ebastine.
-
SERM:
SERD:
LHRH agonists:
EXAMPLES are
- Tamoxifen.
- Fulvestrant.
- Goserelin,Triptorelin.
-
Antimalarials most effective in reducing p.falciparum:
Primaquine.(among the options primaquine,quinine, chloroquine,Artemisinin,)
-
Denosumab used in t/t of:
Osteoporosis.
It is an antibody that blocks RANKL ligand and dramatically reduces osteoclast number n function.
-
Highly ionized drug is:
Excreted mainly by kidney.
- are lipid insoluble.
- Poorly absorbed from stomach n intestine.
- Poorly pass across placenta.
- They are not reabsorbed by tubules n hence easily excreted.
-
Enzyme inhibited by aminophylline:
Phosphodiesterase.
-
Phenytoin is a/w hperglycemia or hypoglycemia?
Hyperglycemia.
-
Topically used sulphonamides:
- Silver sulfadiazine.
- Sulfacetamide.
- Mafenide.
-
True abt orphan drugs:
Includes drugs for some common dzs in developing countries.
-
Logarithmic graded dose response curve is:
Sigmoid.
- Airthmetic graded dose response curve is:
- Rectangular hyperbola.
-
Agoinst-antagonist:
Alpha 1
Alpha 2
Beta 1
Beta 2
- Phenylephrine-prazosin @(PP).
- Clonidine-yohimbine@(CY)
- Dobutamine-Atenolol@ (DAS.bahadur).
- Salbutamol-butoxamine.
-
What is the effect of adrenaline when administered after alpha-receptors blockade:
Fall in blood pressure.
-
MOA of levosimenden:
Calcium sensitizer.
- Omecamtiv mecarbil:selective myosin activator.
- Istaroxmine:Na+/K+ - ATPase inhibitor.
-
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CTEP) inhibitor for t/t of dyslipidemia:
Torcetrapib.
- MTP inhibitors:lomitapide.
- PCSK9 inhibitors:evolocumab,alirocumab.
- Antisense inhibition of Apo B-100 synthesis:
- Mipomersen.
-
First line drugs for t/t of HTN.
- Thiazide diuretics.
- ACE inhibitors.
- CCB.
Beta-blockers not included.
-
Thiazide when combined with which drug becomes inffective:
Calcium channel blockers.
-
Pill induced esophagitis is a/w:
Doxycycline.
-
Carbapenems not recommended for treatment of nosocomial infxns:
Ertapenem.
- Used are:
- Imipenem.
- Meropenem.
- Doripenem.
-
Ertapenem is not effective against:
Pseudomonas.
-
Gramicidin S is:
Cyclic decapeptide.
-
Following ATT has highest sterilization action:
Rifampicin.
-
Following ATT has highest ability to prevent emergence of resistance to isoniazid:
Rifampicin.
-
T/t of choice of TB in pregnancy:
HRE 2 months, and HR 7 months.
-
Can oseltamivir be co-adminstered with vaccine.
No.
It is neuraminidase inhibitor.
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