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What are the Three Principle Particals that compose an Atom and their Charges
- 1. Protons (positively charged)
- 2. Neutrons (uncharged)
- 3. Electrons (negatively charged)
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Where are the Three Principle Particals that compose an Atom
- 1. Protons found within the nucleus of the Atom (positively charged)
- 2. Neutrons found within the nucleus of the Atom (uncharged)
- 3. Electrons orbit the nucleus of the Atom (negatively charged)
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What is the Mass of a Protone
One Atomic Mass Unit
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What is the Mass of a Neutron
One Atomic Mass Unit
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What is the Mass of an Electron
Almost Weightless
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The Atomic number of an Atom is based on what
The Number of Protons
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What contribute to the Atomic Mass or Weight of an Atom
- The Sum of the Number of Protons or (Atomic Number) PLUS the Number of Neutrons
- AMW = # of Protons or Atomic # (+) # of Neutrons
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What ar the Six Elements that compose 98% of the Weight of Living Organiams
- Carbon (C)
- Hydrogen (H)
- Nitrogen (N)
- Oxygen (O)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Sulfur (S)
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What is an Isotope
- Seen when a Atom has the Same Number of Protons in the nuclues but Different Number of Neutrons Resulting in;
- C12 , C13, C14All Carbone but have different Atomic Mass
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How many Shells will a Atome have, Name them and how many max Electrons
- 3 Outter Shells
- K, 2 max Electroms
- L, 8 max Electrons
- M, 8 max Electrons
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Define Inert
Atoms with a Full Outter Shell
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Define Reactive
- Atom that does Not have a Full Outer Shell
- Therefore it will interact with other Atoms to fill the shell
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Define Neutral Atom
The number of Protrons are Equal to the number of Electrons
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Define Chemical Bond
When reactive atoms Collide into each other
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Define Ionic Bonds
- The Transfer of Gain of Electrons
- Formed when Electrons from the outter shell of Atom A, is Transfered to the outer shell of Atom B. Therefore each Atom A and B now have Lost or Gained an Electron, leaving the polarity of Protons to Electrons unequal, now they are called Ions. Atoms who lost electron is Positively Charged and Atom who Gained electron is Negatively Charged.
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What are Covalent Bonds and how are they formed
- Formed when Two Atoms Share Electrons to fill their outter shell.
- Resulting in two happy Atoms.
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In a Chemical Reaction what is a Reactent
- The Substances that one Starts with
- S + O2 ............SO2
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In a Chemical Reaction what is the Product
- The substance that Results from the reaction
- S + O2 ............SO2
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What is an Oxidation Reaction
Remenber OIL RIG
The loss of Electrons or Hydrogen Atoms
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What is a Reduction Reaction
Remenber OIL RIG
The Gain of Electrons or Hydrogen Atoms
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In the below reaction is Na being Reduced or Oxidized
Na + CI............. Na+ CI-
OIL RIG
Na Lose an Electron therefore it is Oxidized
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In the below reaction is CI being Reduced or Oxidized
Na + CI............. Na+ CI-
OIL RIG
CI Gains an Electron therefore it is Reduced
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Define Ions
Molecules with an Eletrical Charge due to the Gain or Lose of Electrons
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What is a Cation
A Positively Charged Ione
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What is a Anion
A Negatively Charged Ion
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The Name for Equal Sharing of Electrons
Non-Polar Covalent Bond
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The Name for Unequal Sharing of Electrons
Polar Covalent Bonds
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What gives an Element its Identity
Only the Atomic Number/Number of Protons
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What is the Outter Most Shell of anAtom that has electrons called
Valence Shell
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What does the Vertical Comumn of the Periodic Tabel tell you
How many Electrons are on the Atoms Valence Shell
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The Horizontal Row of the Periodic Table tells you what
How many Shell the Atoms has
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When does an Atom become an Ion
When it either Gains or Looses Electrons
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Which Bond is stronger Ionic or Covalent
Covalent
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Attraction for Electrons by a Necleus is is called
Electronegativity, which also determins the type of Covalent Bond
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