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Chem Ch 3.txt
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Periodic Law
List all elements with increasing atomic #
Vertical Columns
similar chemical/physical reactions & properties
electronic structure
shorthand way to describe the energy of electrons in atoms
Parameters of Energy Descriptive tools
main levels; sub levels; orientations
main levels
numbered 1,2,3,4...
sub levels
lettered s, p, d, f...
s sublevel
1 orientation (sphere)
holds 2e
p sublevel
3 orientations (propeller)
holds 6e
d sublevel
5 orientations
holds 10e
f sublevel
7 orientations
spin
the way electrons set off a magnetic charge and diff values of energy
electronic configuration
lists energies of electrons as increasing lowest to highest
electronic configuration exception
4s2 is written before 3d
ex
: Fe= 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6
Row VIII A
more stable with filled s & p levels; don't react to other chemicals
can be used to write electronic configuration
valence electrons
electrons in the outermost (highest #) main level in s & p sublevels only (not used on VIIIA)
representative elements
elements in the s & p blocks
transition elements
elements in the d block
groups
(or families) the vertical columns
periods
the horizontal rows
alkali metals
group I A (excluding H)
alkaline Earth metals
Group II A
halogens
Group VII A
Noble (or Rare) Gases
Group VIII A
Size of Atoms on Periodic Chart
down a group it increases; across a period it decreases
ionization energy
energy needed to remove electrons from an atom
1st ionization energy (IE)
remove the last electron added to the atom
1st I.E. on periodic chart
up a group it increases; across a period it increases
chemical properties of metal vs nonmetal
metal loses e's when they react; nonmetals gain e's when they react
metallic character on periodic chart
up a group it decreases; across a period it decreases
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Author
tmgordy
ID
34759
Card Set
Chem Ch 3.txt
Description
Chem Ch 3
Updated
2010-09-14T23:31:17Z
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