Magnetism Pt II

  1. A current can create a magnetic field. Can a magnetic field create a current? 
    Michael Farady experimented with two coils of wire wrapped around an iron ring in an attempt to generate a current from a magnetic field. What did he find? (explain 5-story)
    He realized that a current was generated only if the magnetic field was changing as it passed through the coil 

    • Explanation: 
    • Iron acts like a solenoid because it is a magnetic material so as the current goes through the wire wrapped around it a Bfield is generated around the iron ring
    • The change in the B field strength from nothing to something causes an induced current
    • Current meter flickers on and off
    • If the switch is opened current drops to zero and the B strength CHANGES form something to zero creating an induced current. Current meter flickers on and off
    • Image Upload 2
  2. Faraday's observation suggested to him that a current was generated only if the magnetic field was _______ as it passed through the coil
    This current is NOT caused by a battery, but due to a changing magnetic field. It is called an ______ ______ and is an example of ________ _______. State an example of an application 
    Identify the three ways depicted to induce a current **Bonus state the 4th
    Image Upload 4
    • changing 
    • induced current 
    • electromagnetic induction 
    • ie: external pacemaker programming

    • Change in B strength
    • Change in movement of magnetic field
    • Change in the area of the loop (path of the induced current)
    • Rotating loop
  3. Farady found that there is a current in a coil of wire if and only if the ______ ______ passing through the coil is ______.
    The current in a circuit due to a _______ ______ ______ is called an induced current
    The creation of an electric current by a changing magnetic field is an example of _______ ______
    • magnetic field 
    • changing 
    • changing magnetic field 
    • electromagnetic induction
  4. Image Upload 6
    • E. Metals have free charge and the only thing acting on it that can separate charge here is either electric force or magnetic force
    • Only magnetic present and velocity is parallel to force so no charge separation E
  5. Image Upload 8
    Image Upload 10


    http://faculty.uml.edu/Andriy_Danylov/Teaching/documents/L16Ch33Su15.pdf
  6. Image Upload 12
    C. The induced current in the clockwise direction. It opposes the change in the magnetic flux (which is decreasing as the bar moves to the right) through the region enclosed by the bar and rails. To oppose the decrease, the induced magnetic field points in the direction of the magnetic field in the region. The induced magnetic field points into the screen (the right-hand rule). Hence, the magnetic field points into the screen.
  7. A changing magnetic field can induce an electric field in the absence of any _______
    Maxwell proposed a changing electric field can induce a magnetic field in the absence of any _______
    Maxwell realized that it would be possible to establish self-sustaining electric and magnetic fields independent of any _____ or ______
    Electric and magnetic fields would be able to sustain themselves, free from charges and currents in the form of an _________ _____
    • charges
    • currents  
    • charges or currents
    • electromagnetic wave
  8. An electromagnetic wave consists of ______ _______ and _______ fields 
    The changing fields _____ each other which maintains the _______ of the wave (explain)
    • oscillating electric and magnetic fields 
    • induce 
    • propagation
    • Image Upload 14
  9. Vectors in EM Wave
    Electromagnetic waves have three components, state them and their orientation in space with regard to each other. What type of wave is an EM wave?
    Image Upload 16is ______ to Image Upload 18
    _______ (cross product) gives the direction of Image Upload 20using the right hand rule 
    Image Upload 22andImage Upload 24are oscillating in _____ with each other
    • Image Upload 26 (k is the wave number but in vector form it is also the propagation direction at any point)
    • transverse wave 
    • parallel: Image Upload 28
    • Image Upload 30
    • in phase 
    • Image Upload 32
  10. The simplest solution to the partial differential equations is a ______ wave:
    E = ________
    B = ________
    EM wave is a continual series of Electric and Magnetic fields that keep _______ each other
    • sinusoidal wave
    • Image Upload 34
    • creating
  11. Maxwell's theory predicted an EM wave would travel with speed in a vacuum: (state the formula
    vEM = ____ = _____
    Image Upload 36
  12. Properties of EM waves 
    An EM wave is a ______ wave 
    EM waves can exist at any ________, not just the frequencies of _______ ______
    In a vacuum, all EM waves travel with ___ ______ speed (__)
    At any point on the wave, the electric and magnetic field strengths are related by 
    E = ____
    • transverse wave
    • frequency 
    • visible light 
    • the same speed (c)
    • E = cB
  13. Explain the following parameters in EM waves 
    T
    f
    ω
    λ

    v
    Image Upload 38
  14. Image Upload 40
    • E finget tips
    • B Palm
    • k thumb
    • A.
  15. Image Upload 42
    • Emax = 200 V/m
    • λ = 1.70 cm = .017 m 

    • a) The magnetic field component of the wave can be written as, 
    • Bmax = B0sin(kx-ωt)

    The magnetic field is: 

    • Bmax = Emax/c
    • Bmax = [(200 V/m)/(3*108 m/s)]
    • Bmax = 6.667*10-7 T (B0 = Bmax)
    • B0 = 6.667*10-7 T

    The wave number is:

    • k = 2π/λ
    • k = 2π/(1.70*10-2 m)
    • k =369.59 rad/m

    The angular frequency is:

    • c = ω/k
    • ω = ck
    • ω = (3.00*108)(369.59)
    • ω = 1.10877*1011 rad/s

    • Thus, the magnetic field component of the wave is: 
    • B = (6.667*10-7)sin(369.59x - 1.10877*1011t)

    The maximum electric field in the wave is vibrating at xy plane, so the magnetic field vibrates at xz plane. Image Upload 44
  16. Image Upload 46of an EM wave lie in a plane _______ to the direction of propagation 
    Polarization is a property that specifies the ________ of the Image Upload 48and Image Upload 50associated with an EM wave 
    The direction of polarization is defined to be the direction in which Image Upload 52is _______
    The plane containing the  Image Upload 54is called the _______ _____ _______
    State the plane of polarization in each of the following 
    Image Upload 56
    • perpendicular
    • directions 
    • vibrating 
    • plane of polarization 
    • Image Upload 58
    • Image Upload 60
  17. All directions of vibration from a wave source are ________
    The resultant EM wave is a _________ of waves vibrating in many different directions
    This is an ________ wave
    The arrows show a few possible _______ of the waves in the beam 
    Image Upload 62
    • possible 
    • superposition 
    • unpolarized 
    • directions
  18. Most natural sources of EM radiation are ________.
    We can create polarized light by sending unpolarized light through a ________ ______
    Typical polarizing filter is a plastic sheet containing long organic molecules called _______ that are aligned to form a grid and can conduct _______ along their length
    • unpolarized 
    • polarizing filter 
    • polymers
    • electrons
  19. As a light wave travels through a polarizing filter, the component of theImage Upload 64_______ to the polymer grid drives the electrons up and down the molecules
    Electrons absorb energy from the ______ component of theImage Upload 66of the light wave

    Only the component of the Image Upload 68that is ________ to the polymer grid can pass through without absorption 
    The direction of transmitted polarization is the _____ of the _______ or _________ ______

    Unpolarized light consists of waves polarized in _____ ______ directions 
    The axis of the polarizer is ________ to the polymers 
    Only the component ofImage Upload 70______ to the axis (________ to the polymer molecules) is transmitted
    • parallel 
    • parallel 
    • perpendicular 
    • axis of the polarizer or transmission axis 
    • all possible 
    • perpendicular 
    • parallel 
    • perpendicular 
    • Image Upload 72
  20. Although they (EM waves) are waves, they have a ______-like nature.
    These ______-like components of EM waves are called _______
    • particle-like
    • particle-like
    • photons
  21. Photon model of EM waves consists of three basic postulates (state them):
    Image Upload 74
  22. Image Upload 76
    • Ephoton = hf = h(c/λ)
    • Ephoton = (6.63*10-34 Js)(2.4*1020 Hz)
    • Ephoton = 1.59*10-13 J
  23. Image Upload 78
    • f = 1.9*109 Hz
    • Ephoton = hf = h(c/λ)
    • Ephoton = (6.63*10-34 Js)(1.9*109 Hz)
    • Ephoton = 1.2597*10-24 J

    • λ = hc/Ephoton
    • λ = (6.63*10-34 Js)(3.00*108 m/s)/(1.2597*10-24 J)
    • λ = .15789 m

    • Power = .60 W = .60 J/s
    • P = (nphotons)(Ephotons)
    • nphotons = P/Ephotons
    • nphotons = (.60 J/s)/(1.2597*10-24 J)
    • nphotons = 4.76*1023 photons/s
  24. Various types of electromagnetic waves make up the EM spectrum 
    There is ____ _______ division between one kind of EM wave and the next 
    All forms of the various types of radiation are produced by the same phenomenon:
    -_________ _______
    (Read this section for more detailed info)

    There is ______ between types of waves 
    Visible light is a ______ portion of the spectrum
    Types are distinguished by _______ or _______
    -As frequency ________, wavelength ________
    -c = ____
    • no sharp 
    • accelerating charges 
    • overlap
    • small 
    • frequency or wavelength
    • increases
    • decreases
    • c = λf
    • Image Upload 80
    • **May be asked to rank the different types above (actual wavelengths and frequencies not need to know)
    • Image Upload 82
  25. X rays and gamma rays have very ______ photon energies, large enough to ______ atoms and _____ molecular bonds. They are best described as _______
    Radio waves have very _____ photon energies, are well described by Maxwell's theory of EM waves
    • high 
    • ionize
    • break 
    • photons
    • small
    • Image Upload 84
  26. Image Upload 86
    B. as frequency ↑, photon energy ↑ and wavelength ↓
  27. Image Upload 88
    D. as frequency ↑, photon energy ↑ and wavelength ↓
Author
chikeokjr
ID
347269
Card Set
Magnetism Pt II
Description
Magnetism Pt II
Updated