Chapter 17 - The Reproductive System

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The sex cells are in the reproductive glands known as gonads. In it's most general sense glands are organs that produce and generate (secrete) hormones. Hormones are chemical substances that control vital functions.
II. Male Reproductive Sytem:

PENIS
TESTES
- SCROTUM
- EPIDIDYMUS-where sperm reside & mature
- ERECTILE TISSUE
- EJACULATORY DUCT
- PROSTATE GLAND
The scrotum supports & contains the testes. Also it regulates
- the temperature of the testes. Under high temps the scrotum extends protecting the sperm from the dangerous effects of the high heat. In cold temperatures the testes contract & rise
- The testes produce sperm & Tesosterone
III. Female Reproductive System:
- Vagina
- Ovaries
- Fallopian Tubes
- Uterus
- Ext. Genitalia-vulva
- mammary glands within the breasts
- Ovaries produce female sex cells or eggs (ova) & produce
- female sex hormones: Progesterone & Estrogen
Progesterone is the pregnancy hormone and prepares the woman for childbirth
- Estrogen is the female hormone & is responsible for a woman's distinctive secondary sex characteristics.
- Progesterone is only produced while a woman is in her childbearing years.
From the onset of puberty until menopause ova are released from the ovaries each month. This is ovulation. The monthly cycle is maintained by the combination of estrogen & progesterone.
Fertilisation is the process of sperm & ova uniting in the Fallopian tube-after which the fertilised ova will implant in the wall of the uterus aka Endometrium. If fertilisation fails sperm will die after 5 days, and ovum will die in 24-48 hours.
III. Function of the Reproductive System.
- a. Manufacture sperm and Testosterone in men
- b. Manufacture ova & female hormones in women
- c. Provides an environment for dev. of the fetus
- d. Lactation for nourishment
IV. Anging & the Reproductive System
- a. Prostate enlargens
- BPH
- Number & capability of sperm decreases
- Sexual response decreases
- Takes longer for erection and to achieve orgasm
b. Menopause-occurs 12 mos. after a woman's last
- menstrual period.
- Signifies the end of ability to reproduce
- decreases in estrogen & progesterone leading to
- loss of Calcium leading to brittle bones, UTI's, etc.
- Vaginal walls drier and friable.
Common Disorders of the Reproductive System - p. 320 and H/o's
- a. STI/STD's
- Chlamydia-Bacterial & treated with AB's
b Genital Herpes -Viral (HS I & HS II). No treatment
- Treat only symptoms
- frequent outbreaks
- characterised by warts and open sores
- c. Genital HPV Infections - Viral
- Causes abnormal PAP smear results
- Leads to Cervical CA
- Warts
- No cure
d. Gonorrhea - Bacterial
- e Syphillis - Bacterial. Tx'd with PCN
- f. Vaginitis
- g. Trichomoniasis - Protozoa infection
VI. Female Reproduction System Cancers - p. 322
a. Ovarian CA - Happens at any age
- Main site of occurence is in ovaries
- Difficult to diagnose due to slight or benign symptoms
- Usually not diagnosed until in late stage
- Treatment: Surgery, Radiation or Chemo
b. Endometrial CA - Cancer of the lining of the uterus
- Vaginal bleeding & pelvic pain
- highly curable in stages I and II
- c. Cervical CA - Occurs at any age
- warning sign is change in period
- symptoms are benign
- vaccine available
VII. Male Reproduction System Cancers
- Prostate CA
- Testicular CA
VIII. Sexual Needs of the Elderly
Factors affecting needs
- Depression
- Disability
- Lack of privacy
- Medications
- ED in men
- Vaginal atrophy in women

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Chapter 17 - The Reproductive System

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The human reproduction system is the system by which the species reproduces itself. Reproduction as we know it to be happens when the male & female sex cells unite. This of course occurs during sexual intercourse aka coitus. Male sex cells are known as sperm, female sex cells are known as ovum or ova.

Updated

2019-05-25T01:11:07Z

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