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Dies Irae/ Day of wrath
- Monophonic
- Nonmetric
- Frequent cadences
- Acappella
- Midieval era
- Syllabic and melismatic
- The work is sung by men
- latin text
- church mode
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"Viderunt Omnes" ("All Have Seen") by Leonin
- Organum and Chant
- Polyphonic and monophonic
- Latin text
- Beginning is polyphonic, sung by men
- Organum section is characterized by a high melody joined by a slower lower moving one
- The text in the plainchant section moves faster than in the organum section
- The music heard is in a slight feel of triple meter, then nonmetric
- The voices heard are a small group of men
- The musical texture is two-part polyphony, then monophonic chant
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"Kyrie" from "Missa Papae Marcelli" Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
- Polyphonic
- 6 voices
- This Mass movement comprises 3 different sections
- The melodic shapes at the beginning of the first Kyrie tend to descend lower
- Compared with the earlier sections, the final "Kyrie" seems to bemore optimistic and hopeful
- Renaissance era
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"Fair Phyllis" John Farmer
- Lots of word painting
- 4 voices (SATB)
- Madrigal
- Variety of textures
- Changes meter
- The musical characteristic that remains the same throughout is the mood
- The tempo of this work remains the same throughout
- This composition is written in major mode
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Three Dances from "Terpsichore" Michael Praetorius
- The Lute
- Trill- Fluttering between 2 notes
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Meter
organization of beats into regular grps
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Tempo
pace of the music/ rate or speed of beat
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Texture
the way the vertical & horizontal strands of melody are interwoven
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dynamics
levels of loudness/ softness
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cadence
when a phrase or melody ends with a sense of finality
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Chromatic Scale
- includes all notes
- ex. flight of the bumble bee
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Dissonant
combination of notes that is considered unstable & tense (like fighting w/ each other)
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Consonant
combination of notes that is considered stable & w/o tension
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Pizzicato
plucked by players fingers
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Binary Form (2 part form)
- consists of a beginning section followed by a contrasting 2nd section. AB
- ex. AABB or AAB or ABB
- ex. jingle bells
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Ternary Form (3 part form)
- includes a beginning section, a contrasting middle section & then a repeat of the beginning
- ex. ABA
- ex. twinkle twinkle little start
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Female
Soprano, Mezzo Soprano, Alto
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Male
Tenor, Baritone, Bass
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Vibrato
vibration in sound
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Trill
rapid alternation btwn 2 notes
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Melody (horizontal)
a series of notes that add up to a recognizable whole
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Harmony (vertical)
notes sounding at the same time
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Rythm
the ordered flow of music thru time
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Mayor
the notes from one C to the next C on the white keys of the piano
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Minor
resembles mayor, but has a # of lowered notes.
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Crescendo
music getting louder when can express exuberance
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Decrescendo
music getting softer give effect of a calming tension
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Ritardando
gradually slowing in tempo
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Accelerando
an increase in musical tempo
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Tonic
- the first note of any scale
- ex. do
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Half Step
the small interval from one note to the next closest note higher or lower
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Intervals
- distance btwn 2 pitches
- ex. unison/ octave
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Timbre
distinctive sound quality of an instrument (aka tone color)
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Modulation
The shift from one key to another when the same composition
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Key
central note, scale & chord
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Legato
bowing technique notes flow naturally & smoothly from 1 to next
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Staccato (bowing technique)
notes sound choppy; short & detached from each other
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Strophic Form
- verse repeating or chorus form
- ex. A, A, A (repetition)
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Chamber Music
general term for small grps of instruments in when each palyer plays his/her own part
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Orchestra
grp of instruments from dif families
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Symphonic bands (wind ensembles)
made up primarily of woodwind, brass, & percussion instruments
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Conductor
large ensembles such as ochestras, wind ensembles, & choruses
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Monophony
type of texture; one melodic line
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Polyphony
more than one melodic line
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Homophony
you have instruments to support you
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Sacred Music
- Chant
- Music for church
- Latin text
- Began as monophony
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Chant &Organum
- acappella
- sacred
- latin
- sung by men
- often anonymous composers
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Secular Music
- non religious
- started as homophonic
- italian & english madrigal
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Vocal Settings
Syllabic & Melismatic
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The Mass
Ordinary & Proper
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