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C-Spine

  1. The Vertebral Column has ___ sections, which make up ____ total vertebrae.
    5, 26
  2. Cervical = ___ vertebrae
    Thoracic = ___ vertebrae
    Lumbar = ___ vertebrae 
    Sacrum = ___ vertebrae 
    Coccyx = ___ vertebrae
    • 7
    • 12
    • 5
    • 1
    • 1
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  4. The Spinal Canal starts at ______ & extends into _____.

    Contains ____ & ____
    Base of Skull, sacrum

    Spinal Cord, Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
  5. The Spinal Cord begins at ____ ____ of the brain.
    Passes through the _____ ____ of skull into spinal canal.
    Continues through ____ down to ____. (End)
    • Medulla oblongata
    • foramen magnum
    • C1 - L1
  6. _____ _____ translates to “horse’s tail”
    Cauda equina
  7. Thoracic & Sacral curves:
    - Develop on their own (classified as primary)
    - Begin to develop soon after birth as children raise their head & sit up
    - ____ curves from the posterior surface
    Convex
  8. Cervical & Lumbar curves:
    - Develop from movement (classified as compensatory) 
    - Develop when children learn to walk
    - ____ curves from the posterior surface
    Concave
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  10. _______ - Abnormal exaggerated anterior concavity of the lumbar spine. “Swayback”
    Lordosis
  11. ______ - Abnormal exaggerated thoracic curvature with increased convexity. “Humpback”
    Kyphosis
  12. _____ - Abnormal lateral curvature of the thoracic and/or lumbar spines. “S-shape”
    Scoliosis
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  14. Typical Vertebral Anatomy
    2 main parts:
    ____ - thick weight bearing portion
    ____ - posterior ring of bone that extends from the body
    • Body
    • Vertebral Arch
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    What is 1?
    Spinous process
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    What is 2?
    Lamina
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    What is 3?
    Transverse Process
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    What is 4?
    Pedicle
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    What is 5?
    Body
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    • 1. 2 superior articular processes
    • 2. 2 inferior articular processes
    • 3. Superior articular process
    • 4. Superior vertebral notch
    • 5. Inferior vertebral notch
    • 6. Inferior articular process
  21. Intervertebral Disks are made of fibrocartilaginous structures:
    - Outer: ________ - made up of thick fibrous cartilage
    - Inner: ________ - made up of soft semi-gelatinous material
    • Annulus fibrous
    • Nucleus pulposus

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  22. ______ joints are located on each side between the articular processes of stacked vertebrae (superior articular process of one vertebra & the inferior articular process of another)
    Zygapophyseal 

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  23. ______ ______ :
    - Spaces located on each side laterally between the stacked vertebrae
    - Formed by the superior vertebral notch of one vertebra & the inferior vertebral notch of another
    - Passageway for spinal nerves & blood vessels
    Intervertebral Foramina

    Image Upload 24
  24. Cervical Vertebrae Characteristics


    - Increase in size from C1 to C7
    Unique Characteristics:
    - Transverse foramina in the middle of the transverse processes
    - Bifid spinous process tips C2-C6 only
    - Overlapping vertebral bodies
    C1 - Atlas (unique features)
    C2 - Axis (unique features)
    C3 - C7 typical cervical vertebrae
  25. Atlas (C1)
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    1?
    Lateral Mass
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    2?
    Anterior arch (with anterior tubercle)
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    3?
    Sectional view of Dens (odontoid process) projecting through this opening
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    4?
    Transverse atlantal ligament
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    5?
    Transverse process
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    6?
    Posterior arch (with posterior tubercle)
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    7?
    Superior facet (part of atlanto-occipital articulation with skull)
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    8?
    Superior articular process
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    Atlas (C1)

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  34. Axis (C2)
    Has a conical process called the _______ (___) that extends upward into the vertebral foramen of C1
    • Odontoid Process (Dens)
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    Radiographic Anatomy - AP Cervical
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    Radiographic Anatomy - AP Open Mouth
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    Radiographic Anatomy- Lateral Cervical
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    Radiographic Anatomy - Oblique Cervical
  39. Cervical Spine Topographic Landmarks


    ___ - Mastoid Process or 1” inferior to EAM
    ___ - Angle of the jaw (gonion)
    ___ (__-__) - Thyroid cartilage
    ___/___ - Vertebra Prominens
    • C1
    • C3
    • C5, (C4-C6)
    • C7/T1
  40. AP Axial
    SID - ____
    CR - __-__ degree ___; enters lower margin of thyroid cartilage
    • 40”
    • 15-20, cephalad 

    Image Upload 56
  41. Image Upload 58
    AP Axial (Cervical Spine)
  42. AP Open Mouth C1/C2
    - SID - ____
    - open mouth & adjust head until line from lower margin of upper incisors to the base of the skull (mastoid tip) is perpendicular to IR
    - CR Perpendicular to IR; enters center of open mouth
    • 40”
    • Image Upload 60
  43. Image Upload 62
    AP Open Mouth C1/C2
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  45. Image Upload 66
    AP Fuchs Method C1/C2
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  47. Image Upload 70
    LAO Cervical Spine
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  49. Image Upload 74
    Lateral Cervical Spine
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    Cervicothoracic (Swimmer’s) Lateral
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    Hyperflexion & Hyperextension Lateral Cervical Spine
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    Trauma Lateral (Horizontal Beam) Cervical Spine
  56. Common Pathological Condition
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    Fracture (teardrop)
  57. Common Pathological Condition
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    Fracture (hangman’s)
  58. Common Pathological Condition
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    Subluxation (dislocated facets)
  59. Common Pathological Condition
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    Osteoarthritis
  60. Common Pathological Condition
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    Spondylosis
  61. Common Pathological Condition
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    Herniated Disk (C5-C6)
  62. Joint Types

    Intervertebral Joints - ______
    Zygapophyseal Joints - ______
    R & L Lateral atlantoaxial Joints - _____
    Medial atlantoaxial Joint - _____
    Atlantooccipital Joints - _____
    • Amphiarthrodial
    • Diarthrodial (with a plane/gliding movement)
    • Diarthrodial (with a plane/gliding movement)
    • Diarthrodial (with a trochoid/pivot movement)
    • Diarthrodial (with an ellipsis/condyloid movement)
Author
Marc817
ID
347060
Card Set
C-Spine
Description
Unit 1, Cervical Spine
Updated

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