3) Construction and maintenance of a communal living structure
Overlapping generations
Ants live in colonies exhibiting:
1) Overlapping generations
2) _ _ _ _
3) Construction and maintenance of a communal living structure
Cooperative caring for young
Ants live in colonies exhibiting:
1) Overlapping generations
2) Cooperative caring for young
3)
Construction and maintenance of a communal living structure
ANT REPRODUCTION
Territorial, aggressive, shorter colony life
Monogyne
Polygyne
Monogyne
ANT REPRODUCTION
may adopt queens, less aggressive, long lived colonies
Monogyne
Polygyne
Polygyne
SOCIALITY IN ANTS
Queens find colonies and are responsible for _
egg laying
Fertilized eggs yield _
Unfertilized eggs yield _
females
males
Work in the colony is done by _ _
sterile females
Foraging, brood care, nest construction, maintenance, colony defense, and queen tending are all done by _ _
sterile females
Males are non-functional except during _
mating
ANT CLASSIFICATION
Order =
Hymenoptera
ANT CLASSIFICATION
Family =
Formicidae
ANT SUBFAMILIES
1) _
2) Formicinae
3) Myrmicinae
4) Ponerinae
1) Dolichoderinae
ANT SUBFAMILIES
1) Dolichoderinae
2) _
3) Myrmicinae
4) Ponerinae
2) Formicinae
ANT SUBFAMILIES
1) Dolichoderinae
2) Formicinae
3) _
4) Ponerinae
Myrmicinae
ANT SUBFAMILIES
1) Dolichoderinae
2) Formicinae
3) Myrmicinae
4) _
Ponerinae
Workers and 1st/3rd stage larvae can only ingest _
liquids
_ and 1st/3rd stage larvae can only ingest liquids
Workers
Workers and _ / _ stage larvae can only ingest liquids
1st and 3rd stage
Narrow waist of workers can't accommodate _
solids
Narrow _ of workers can't accommodate solids
waist
Workers carry food in _ (infra-buccal pocket)
mouth
Workers carry food in mouth (_ - _ pocket)
infra buccal
_ stage larvae can ingest solids
4th stage larvae
4th stage larvae can ingest _
solids
"Stomach" of the colony = _ stage larvae
4th
Liquid food is stored in _ (foregut)
crop
Liquid food is stored in crop (_)
foregut
Food is passed between ants via _
trophallaxis
Mouth to mouth food transfer =
trophallaxis
3-4 taste testers before queen is _
fed
#-# taste testers before queen is fed
3-4
Balanced diets are important, food preferences may change _
seasonally
Seeds (crushed with mandibles - extract oil) and grease
C) lipids/oils
live and dead insects, meat
B) protein
Ant behavior and interactions are guided by _
pheromones
Antagonism between _ colonies is common
separate
Factor contributing to ant infestations
1) _
2) Food
3) Habitat
Moisture
Factor contributing to ant infestations
1) Moisture
2) _
3) Habitat
Food
Factor contributing to ant infestations
1) Moisture
2) Food
3) _
Habitat
Carpenter = 1 or 2 node
1 node
Odorouse House = 1 or 2 node
1 node
Argentine = 1 or 2 node
1 node
Argentine = 1 or 2 node
1 node
Ghost = = 1 or 2 node
1 node
White-Footed = 1 or 2 node
1 node
Field = 1 or 2 node
1 node
Red Imported = 1 or 2 node
2 node
Pavement = 1 or 2 node
2 node
Pharaoh = 1 or 2 node
2 node
Little Black = 1 or 2 node
2 node
Acrobat = 1 or 2 node
2 node
Big-Headed = 1 or 2 node
2 node
Harvester = 1 or 2 node
2 node
CARPENTER ANT sub-family?
B) Formicinae
Genus = Camponotus.... species?
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter
C. pennsylvanicus, C. nearticus, C. floridamus, C. modoc
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter
Black carpenter ant
C. pennsylvanicus, C. nearticus, C. floridamus, C. modoc
C. pennsylvanicus
Florida carpenter ant
C. pennsylvanicus, C. nearticus, C. floridamus, C. modoc
C. floridamus
Western black carpenter ant
C. pennsylvanicus, C. nearticus, C. floridamus, C. modoc
C. modoc
Major destroyer of wood, especially in Northern and Western US
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter
CARPENTER ANT - REPRODUCTIVE
monogyne or polygyne or both?
both
CARPENTER ANT - NESTING
monodomous or polydomous or both
both
CARPENTER ANT
swarm or bud
swarm
CARPENTER ANT - WORKER TYPE
monomorphic or dimorphic or polymorphic
polymorphic
Red or black body. 12 segments, no club. 1 prominent triangular node. Circle of hairs. Thorax with evenly rounded profile. 1/4 to 5/8 inch long.
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter
1 prominent triangular node.
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
carpenter ant
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Florida carpenter ant
Nests in moist wood. Landscape timbers, logs, roof trim, rafters, window/door frames. Sometimes uses old termite habitat. Hollows out galleries in wood. Creates wood shavings - but not consumed.
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter
Night time foragers. Not strong trailer followers
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Carpenter
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT - SUB FAMILY
A) Dolichoderinae
Tapinoma sessile
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Odorous House
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT reproductive
A) polygyne
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT nesting
B) polydomous
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT
B) both
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT worker type
C) monomorphic
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT colony size
# to 500K
100K
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT colony size
100K to #
500K
12 segments, no club, brown to black body, 1 hidden flatted node, No circle of hairs, 4 segments on gaster, 1/8 inch long.
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Odorous House
Coconut odor when crushed
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Odorous House
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, FielD
Odorous House
Construct shallow nests in soil under debris. Wood piles, under bricks, cardboard, around trees. Nest outdoors, but can potentially move nest inside. Plumbing traps, structural voids. Large colonies with multiple nests. May move often/abandon nests in winter.
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Odorous House
Prefers sweets and people food. Honeydew, live/dead insects. Day/night active. Strong/numerous trail followers. Good candidate for pre baiting. Bait all foraging trails. Workers don't get around.
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Odorous House
ARGENTINE ANT subfamily
D) Dolichoderinae
Linepthema humile
Carpenter, Odorous House, Argentine, Crazy, Ghost, White-Footed, Field
Argentine
ARGENTINE ANT reproductive
monogyne
polygyne
both
polygynous
ARGENTINE ANT nesting
C) polydomous
ARGENTINE ANT
B) bud
ARGENTINE ANT worker type
monomorphic
dimorphic
polymorphic
monormorphic
Super colony = potentially # of # queens
tens of thousands of queens
Super colony = approx #% queens
10% queens
SUPER COLONY
hundreds to thousands of connected _ and _
nests and trails
SUPER COLONY
extremely large _
range
SUPER COLONY
friendly with colony mates up to # of miles away
hundreds
SUPER COLONY
strong _ recognition
pheromone
Super colony species
_ ANT
ARGENTINE ANT
BIG HEADED ANT
WHITE FOOTED ANT
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT
PHAROAH ANT
CRAZY
Super colony species
CRAZY ANT
_ ANT
BIG HEADED ANT
WHITE FOOTED ANT
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT
PHAROAH ANT
ARGENTINE
Super colony species
CRAZY ANT
ARGENTINE ANT
_ ANT
WHITE FOOTED ANT
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT
PHAROAH ANT
BIG HEADED
Super colony species
CRAZY ANT
ARGENTINE ANT
BIG HEADED ANT
_ ANT
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT
PHAROAH ANT
WHITE FOOTED
Super colony species
CRAZY ANT
ARGENTINE ANT
BIG HEADED ANT
WHITE FOOTED ANT
_ ANT
PHAROAH ANT
ODOROUS HOUSE
Super colony species
CRAZY ANT
ARGENTINE ANT
BIG HEADED ANT
WHITE FOOTED ANT
ODOROUS HOUSE ANT
_ ANT
PHAROAH
Argentine ants are aggressively _ , especially against _ _ .
territorial
different colonies
Black body, yellow mandibles, 12 segments/no club, triangular head/mule face, constriction at end of thorax, no circle of hairs, 1 node, 1/8 inch long
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
ARGENTINE
Nests in dark protected places, usually under cover, sometimes nest in open (small piles of soil), shallow but deeper in dry soil, beneath rocks & concrete, base of trees in wall voids, insulation
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
ARGENTINE
Strong trailer followers and foragers, deposit trail pheromones to and from food source
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
ARGENTINE
CRAZY ANT sub family
B) Formicinae
Genus = Paratrechina
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
Genus = Nylanderia
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
P. longicornus
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
N. pubens
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
CRAZY ANT reproductive
A) polygyne
CRAZY ANT nesting
B) polydomous
CRAZY ANT
C) bud
CRAZY ANT worker type
C) monomorphic
CRAZY ANT colony size
# to super colony
2000
Reddish brown or black body (slender), stout pines on body, scape longer than head, 1/8 inch long, extremely long legs and antennae, acidopore present, 1 node
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
Nests in dry and wet/moist places, soil, under cover, trash, plants, rotten wood, structural voids
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
Omnivores preferring sweets and live insects, honeydew, fruits, meat, seeds, household items
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
Poor trail followers, erratic crazy running
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
Attracted fuel/electricity
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
GHOST ANT
B) Dolichoderinae
Tapinoma melanocephalum
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
GHOST
GHOST ANT reproductive
C) polygyne
GHOST ANT nesting
B) polydomous
GHOST ANT
C) budding
GHOST ANT worker type
C) monomorphic
GHOST ANT
colony size = # to 1000
100 to 1000
GHOST ANT
colony size = 100 to 1000
100 to 1000
Darkened head/thorax, 12 segments/no club, 1 hidden node, no circle of hairs, translucent abdomen antennae, 1/32 inch to 1/16 inch long
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
GHOST
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
GHOST
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
CRAZY
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
ARGENTINE
Nests inside and out. Outdoors - moist wood, soil, under bark, leaf litter, plant cavities (nest near foundations, porches, vegetation)
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
GHOST
Nests inside and out. Indoors - potted plants, between cabinets & baseboards, curtain rods don't need much space)
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
GHOST
Prefers sweets, live and dead insects. Tend aphids, feed on grease, mites, sugars.
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
GHOST
Strong trail followers. Kitchen is usually center of activity indoors.
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
GHOST
WHITE FOOTED ANT sub family
C) Dolichoderinae
Technomyrmex difficilis
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
WHITE FOOTED ANT reproductive
C) polygyne
WHITE FOOTED ANT nesting
C) polydomous
WHITE FOOTED ANT
A) both
WHITE FOOTED ANT worker type
B) monomorphic
WHITE FOOTED ANT
up to several _
million
Dark to usually black body. 1 node, flattened and hidden. No circle hairs at tip of abdomen. Pale yellow tarsi. Uneven thorax. 5 segments on gaster. 1/8 inch long
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
Nests may be arboreal or on ground. Typically outdoors: under bark, at base of trees, in soil. Tile roofs, swingsets, under stones.
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
Decentralized nests
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
Prefers sweets and will eat dead insects. Tends homopterans (aphids and scales)
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
Queens look like workers. 1/3 of colony can produce eggs.
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
WHITE FOOTED
FIELD ANT sub family
B) Formicinae
100 species distributed throughout USA
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
FIELD
Formica spp
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
FIELD
FIELD ANT reproductive
A) monogyne
FIELD ANT nesting
B) monodomous
FIELD ANT
B) swarm
FIELD ANT worker type
monomorphic
polymorphic
both
monomorphi
FIELD ANT colony size
_ to _
small to medium
Uniform or bicolored bodies, black/brown/yellow/red). 12 segments, no club antennae. Uneven notched thorax in profile. 1 distinct node. Circle of hairs. 1/6 inch to 1/3 inch long.
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
FIELD
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
FIELD ANT
Nests in soil and decaying wood. Open environments preferred, forests okay. Nests may be built with twigs, leaves, and plant matter. Thatching or mound ants - up to 1 foot diameter. May be unsightly to homeowners. Do not nest indoors.
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
FIELD
FIELD ANT feeding preference
sweet
protein/insects
oil/lipid
swet
protein/insects
Can bite and spray formic acid
CARPENTER, ODOROUS, ARGENTINE, CRAZY, GHOST, WHITE FOOTED, FIELD
FIELD
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT sub family
C) Myrmicinae
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT reproductive
B) both
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT nesting
C) both
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT
B) both
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT worker type
B) polymorphic
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT
colony size up to #
500,000
Shiny red head/thorax. Brown gaster. 2 nodes. 3 clypeal teeth. 1/8 to 1/4 inch long. Thorax with evenly rounded profile. Two segmented club, out of 10 segments. Circle of hairs on tip of abdomen.
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT
Constructs large nests in sunny locations. Dome shaped dirt mounds. Brood brought up in the morning to warm up.
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT
RIFA food preferences
B) oils/lipids
proteins
Highly aggressive. Bite and hold intruder while stinging repeatedly. Inject painful alkaloid venom - causes pustules.
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
RIFA
Light to dark brown to black body. Spines on propodeum. Thorax with parallel grooves. Two nodes. 12 segments, 3 segmented club. 3/16 inch long.
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
PAVEMENT
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
RIFA
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
RIFA
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
PAVEMENT
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
pavement
Nests under sidewalks, foundations. Also in soil, under rocks, in decaying wood, masonry. Will move inside in winter to escape cold. Nest at ground level, climb pipes. Near heat source.
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
PAVEMENT
PAVEMENT food preference
C) sweets
oils
PHAROAH sub family
A) Formicinae
Monomorium pharoanis
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
PAVEMENT
Tramp ant
RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
PAVEMENT
PHAROAH reproductive
B) polygyne
PHAROAH nesting
B) polydomous
PAVEMENT
B) bud
PAVEMENT worker type
C) monomorphic
PHAROAH
colony size = potentially _
massive
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
pharoah
Yellow light brown red body. Darkened shiny gaster. 3 segmented club, 1 total. 2 nodes. 1/16 inch to 1/8 inch long.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
PHAROAH
Nests in buildings. Structural voids, wall, above ceiling, below floor, in foundation, behind baseboards, windowsills.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
PHAROAH
PHAROAH food preference
sweets
lipids
proteins
anything
Strong foragers and trail followers. Often seen in kitchen and bathroom, sugar/urine ant. Active day and night.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
pharoah
LITTLE BLACK ANT sub family
B) Myrmicinae
Monomorium minimum
little black
LITTLE BLACK ANT reproductive
A) polygyne
LITTLE BLACK ANT nesting
A) polydomous
LITTLE BLACK ANT
B) both
LITTLE BLACK ANT worker type
B) monomorphic
LITTLE BLACK
colony size
potentially huge
Shiny dark brown to black body. Two prominent nodes. 12 segmented antennae with 3 segmented club.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
LITTLE BLACK
Outdoors nests near moist wood, bricks. Indoors nests in wall voids, behind facades, foundations.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
LITTLE BLACK
Omnivorous, will eat anything.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
LITTLE BLACK
Ants inside often traced to outdoor nesting location. May kill off small RIFA colonies.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
LITTLE BLACK
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
little black
ACROBAT ANT sub famiy
B) myrmicinae
Crematogaster spp.
acrobat
ACROBAT ANT reproductive
C) monogyne
ACROBAT ANT nesting
B) monodomous
ACROBAT ANT
A) swarm
ACROBAT ANT worker type
A) monomorphic
ACROBAT ANT colony size
up to _
tens of thousands
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
acrobat
Pedicel attaches to top of abdomen. Heart shaped gaster. 2 nodes. Pair of spines on thorax. 1/8 inch to 1/4 inch long.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
ACROBAT
Nests in dead wood (may toss out woodchips). Hollow plant stems, stumps, soffits, exposed soil, behind facades, wall finishes, foam core panel insulation. Can nest aerially.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
acrobat
Prefers sweets and proteins. Tend honeydew, producers, insects. Bone piles outside galleries.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
acrobat
Hold gaster over head when disturbed. Pair of thoracic spines holds it in place. Emits foul smelling liquid.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
acrobat
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
big headed
BIG HEADED ANT sub family
C) formicinae
BIG HEADED reproductive
A) both
BIG HEADED ANT nesting
A) both
BIG HEADED ANT
B) both
BIG HEADED ANT worker type
A) dimorphic
BIG HEADED ANT colony size
_ to _
small to massive
Soldiers (major workers) have HUGE HEADS. Indentation on front of head. 2 nodes. Light brown to reddish brown to dark brown. One pair of spines on propodeum. 1/8 inch long.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
big headed
Nests under cover and in rotting wood. Lawns, around buildings, roadsides, sidewalks. Exterior nesting only. Construct/take over mud tubes.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
big headed
Prefers protein and sweets. Honeydew, insects, meat, bread, grease.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
big headed
Some species transmit fowl tapeworm.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
big headed
20-30 minor workers per soldier.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
big headed
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
harvester
HARVESTER ANT sub family
D) myrmicinae
Pogonomyrmex spp.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
HARVESTERS
HARVESTER ANT reproductive
B) monogyne
HARVESTER ANT nesting
C) monodomous
HARVESTER ANT
A) swarm
HARVESTER ANT worker type
C) monomorphic or dimorphic by spp
HARVESTER ANT colony size
up to _
10,000
Long hairs under head (beard). 2 nodes. Red to brown to black body (red ants). Stinger present. 1/5 to 1/2 inch long.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
harvester
Nests in exposed sandy soil and lawns. Large mounds with many entrances. Kept closed at night and during cold months. May contribute to erosion.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
harvester
Prefers seeds above all else. Beard carries seeds and soil.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
harvester
Painful stings. Stinger left in victim. May seriously harm animals.
RIFA, PAVEMENT, PHAROAH, LITTLE BLACK, ACROBAT, BIG HEADED, HARVESTER
