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Ancestral Puebloans
Known as the Anasazi.
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atmospheric perspective
Exploit the principle that the farther back the object is in space, the blurrier and less detailed it appears.
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Aztec
Called themselves Mexica and claimed descent from the Toltecs.
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baldacchino
A canopy on columns, frequently built over an altar.
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Baroque
The traditional blanket designation for European art from 1600 to 1750.
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Benin
In 1897, British sacked and burned the City, there were still 17 shrines to ancestors in the royal palace.
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Bernini
Architect, painter, sculptor, playwright, and stage designer.
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camera obscura
Latin, "dark room."
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chiaroscuro
In drawing or painting, the treatment and use of light and dark, especially the gradations of light that produce the effect of modeling.
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Coatlicue
Aztec, earth-mother goddess.
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colorito
Italian, "colored" or "painted."
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Coyolxauhqui
Moon goddess.
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diptych
A two-paneled painting or altarpiece.
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disegno
Italian, "drawing" and "design."
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Donatello
Florentine sculptor, who was a former apprentice in Ghiberti's workshop.
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engraving
The process of incising a design in hard material, often a metal plate(usually copper).
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etching
A kind of engraving in which the design is incised in a layer of wax or varnish on a metal plate.
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Forbidden City
Dates to 1576 and aptly describes the highly restricted access to the inner compound, where the Ming emperor, the Son of Heaven, resided.
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haboku
In Japanese art, a loose and rapidly executed painting style in which the ink seems to have been applied by flinging or splashing it onto the paper.
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Isenheim Altarpiece
A complex and fascinating polyptych reflecting Catholic beliefs and incorporating several references to Catholic doctrines, such as the lamb, whose wound spurts blood into a chalice in the crucifixion scene.
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linear perspective
Determine mathematically the relative size of rendered objects to correlate them with the visual recession into space.
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Machu Picchu
Which perches on a ridge between two jagged peaks 9,000 feet above sea level.
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Madonna of the Rocks
The central panel of an altarpiece in San Francesco Grande and was painted by Leonardo da Vinci with Madonna, Christ Child, infant John the Baptist, and a angel.
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Mannerism
A style of later Renaissance art that emphasized "artifice," often involving contrived imagery not derived directly from nature.
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Mérode Altarpiece
A small triptych with Annunciation as the central panel.
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Michelangelo
Florentine sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer of the High Renaissance.
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oil painting
A painting technique using oil-based pigments that rose to prominence in northern Europe in the 15th century and is now the standard medium for painting on canvas.
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orthogonal
A line imagined to be behind and perpendicular to the picture plane.
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polyptych
An altarpiece composed of more than three sections.
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Renaissance
Painting, sculpture, architecture, music, and literature were produced during the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries in Europe.
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sfumato
Italian, "smoky."
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Taj Mahal
"Crown Palace."
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tatami
The traditional woven straw mat used for floor covering in Japanese architecture.
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tempera painting
A technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk, glue, or casein.
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Tempietto
Roman round temples, Bramante's "little temple."
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tenebroso
Italian, "shadowy."
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Tenochtitlán
Lie directly beneath the center of Mexico City.
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tromp l′oeil
French, "fools the eye."
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vanishing point
Located at the exact center of the line.
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