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Cell Division
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What does mitosis produce?
2 diploid daughter cells
Define diploid.
A cell containing two sets of chromosomes.
What is interphase?
Period before mitosis during which the cell is not dividing.
DNA is replicated
What are the 4 stages of mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What occurs in prophase?
Chromosomes become visible
Centrioles move to poles
Spindle fibres form
Nucleolus disappears
Nuclear envelope breaks down
Chromosomes drawn to equator
What occurs in metaphase?
Chromosomes arrange themselves across equator of cell
What occurs in anaphase?
Centromeres divide into two
Spindle fibres pull chromatids apart
Chromatids move to poles, now chromosomes
Energy provided by mitochondria
What occurs in telophase?
Chromosomes disappear
Spindle fibres disintegrate
Nucleolus re-forms
Nuclear envelope re-forms
Cytoplasm divides by cytokinesis
What is the importance of mitosis?
Growth - ensures new organism resembles parents by being genetically identical
Repair - damaged cells
Reproduction - asexual reproduction gives two new organisms
How does cell division take place in prokaryotic cells?
Binary fission
Circular DNA replicates and both copies attach to cell membrane
Plasmids also replicate
Cell membrane grows between the 2 DNA and pinches inwards, dividing cytoplasm into 2
New cell wall forms, dividing original cell into 2 identical daughter cells
How do viruses replicate?
Non-living so cannot undergo cell division
Attach to host with attachment proteins
Inject nucleic acid into host cell
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Author
PassYourAlevels
ID
346246
Card Set
Cell Division
Description
Types of cell division, differences and importance.
Updated
2019-04-03T20:17:20Z
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