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Urine Sedimentations: Crystals and Casts
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True/false: urine dipsticks detects albumin along with other micro proteins
True
False
False; urine dipsticks only detects albumin
Which values constitute as abnormal urine protein?
Greater than 150 mg/ day
What are urine sediments?
Microscopic observations of crystals, bacteria, cells or casts
Uric acid crystals are associated with which pathologies?
Acidic urine
Gout
Calcium oxalate crystals are associated with which pathologies?
Acute kidney injury – antifreeze poisoning
Kidney stones
Cystine crystals are associated with which pathology?
Cystine stones = usually in children
Magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals are associated with which pathology?
Struvite stones- bacterial (likely proteus) infections
Calcium stones are radio-______, while non-calcium stones are radio-________.
Opaque
Radiolucent
Which are calcium stones?
Calcium oxalate/ phosphate
Struvite
Which are non-calcium stones?
Cystine
Urate
Which stones will show on KUB?
Calcium stones because they are radio opaque
Uric acid stones are _____ stones and ___(can/cannot) be seen in KUB
Non-calcium
Cannot
Cystine stones are _____ stones and ___(can/cannot) be seen in KUB
Non-calcium
Cannot
Calcium oxalate stones are _____ stones and ___(can/cannot) be seen in KUB
calcium
can
struvite stones are _____ stones and ___(can/cannot) be seen in KUB
calcium
can
Calcium oxalate crystals have characteristic _____ shape pattern
X
Cystine stones have characteristic ____ shape
Hexagonal – stop sign
Which stone is often found in kids and what is the characteristic shape?
Cystine
Hexagonal shape
Urease bacterial infection would result in which stone?
struvite
Dysmorphic red blood cell urine sediment is associated with which pathology?
glomerular disease
What are urine casts?
Urine sediment that takes shape and size of the renal tubule where they are formed
Composed primarily of Tamm-horsfall mucoproteins
True/false: some casts can be found in normal individuals
True
False
True
Which casts are often seen with dehydration?
Hyaline casts
What is the composition of granular casts?
aggregation of proteins and degenerated cells
Granular casts generally signify what pathology?
acute renal failure
What are waxy casts?
Homogenous in appearance, last stage of degeneration of a granular cast
True/false: waxy casts usually indicates end-stage renal disease
True
False
True
RBC casts is indicative of _____hematuria
Glomerular
Fatty casts are associated with _______ syndrome
Nephrotic
Epithelial cell casts suggests ______.
Acute tubular necrosis
True/false: creatinine is secreted while inulin is not
True
False
True
True/false: Higher serum creatinine, higher GFR
True
False
False; high creatinine, low GFR
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Author
lykthrnn
ID
346241
Card Set
Urine Sedimentations: Crystals and Casts
Description
Renal Midterm- Clinical
Updated
2019-04-03T19:29:30Z
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