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What are the 5 functions of bone?
- Support
- Protection
- Manufacture of blood cells
- Mineral resivoir
- muscle attachement
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Name the term for a bone cell.
osteocyte
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What is the root word for bone(s)?
osteo
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What is the name for the membrane surrounding bone, to which muscles attach?
periosteum
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The end of long bones is called the _____________
epiphysis
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Name the term for the diameter of long bones
diaphysis
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The axial skeleton makes up the __________ ______
center axis
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The axial skeleton includes:
- the skull
- vertebral column
- & rib cage
-
The skull is comprised of how many bones, sutures, & fontanels?
29
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Proximal is
nearest to the point of origin
-
Distil is
farthest to the point of origin
-
Origin is
where a muscle attaches to a bone where NO movement occurs
-
Insertion is
where musle attahes to bone, where movement occurs
-
Name the term for the soft spots of the skull, where two bones intersect
fontanels
-
Name the fontanel loated at the coronal & sagittal suture
the frontal fontanel
-
what fontanel is loated at the sagittal & ambdoidal suture?
the occipital fontanel
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The sphenoidal fontanel is located at he intersection of what two sutures?
the coronal and squamosal
-
Which fonanel is located at the intersection of the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures?
the mastoidal fonanel
-
The first set of vertebrae, which make up the neck are
the cervical vertebrae
-
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
-
The C1 vertebra, which supports the skull is called the __________
atlas
-
The C2 vertebra, which rotates the skull is called the _______
axis
-
The 2nd set of vertebrae, which make up the the greater cuvature of the vertebral colum are the
thorasic vertebrae
-
How many torasic vertebrae are there?
- 12
- 1 per pair of ribs
- named T1 through T12
-
The set of vertebrae that make up the small curvature of the back are
the lumbar vertebrae
-
There are how many lumbar vertebrae?
-
The 5 vertebrae, which are fused together to form the sacrum are the
sacral vertebae
-
The coccygeal vertebrae are
4 fused vertebrae, which make up the coccyx (tailbone)
-
The rib cage is made up of
12 pairs of ribs & the sternum (breast bone)
-
The "true ribs" are
- the first seven pair of ribs
- they have direct sternal attachement
-
False ribs are
- the 2nd set of ribs
- there are 3 pair
- they have indirect sternal attachement
-
The indirect sternal attachement of the false ribs is provided via
costal cartalige
-
he lowest two air of ribs ae called
- the floating ribs
- they have no sternal attachement
-
The muscle between the ribs is called the
intercostal muscle
-
The body of the sternum is called
the gladiolus
-
The head of the sternum is called the
manubrium
-
The bottom point of the sternum is called the
xiphoid process
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