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achieved status
Social position acquired through our own efforts or accomplishments or taken on voluntarily
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ascribed status
Social position acquired at birth or taken on involuntarily later in life
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coalition
Subgroup of a triad, formed when two members unite against the third member
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conflict perspective
Theoretical perspective that views the structure of society as a source of inequality, which always benefits some groups at the expense of other groups
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culture
Language, values, beleifs, rules, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a society
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dyad
Group consisting of two people
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femenist perspective
theoretical perspective that focuses on gender as the most important source of conflict and inequality in social life
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globalization
Process through which people's lives all around the world become economically, politically, environmentally, and culturally interconnected
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group
Set of people who interact more or less regularly and who are conscious of their identity as a unit
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latent function
Unintended, unrecognized consequences of activities that help some part of the social system
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manifest function
intended, obvious consequences of activities designed to help some part of the social system
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norm
Culturally defined standard or rule of conduct
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organization
Large, complex network of positions, created for a specific purpose nd characterized by a hierarchical division of labor
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primary group
colection of individuals who are together over a relatively long period, whose members have direct contact withh and feel emotional attachment to one another
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role
set of expectations_rights, obligations, behaviors, duties_associated with a particular status
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role conflict
Frustration people feel when the demands of one role they are expected to fulfill clash with the demands of another role
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secondary group
Relatively impersonal collection of individuals that is established to perform a specific task
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social institution
Stable set of roles, statuses, groups, and organizations_such as the institution of education, family, politics, religion, health care, or the economy_ that provides a foundation for behavior in some major area of social life
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society
Population of people living in the same geographic area who hare a culture and a common identity and whose members fall under the same political authority
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status
Any named social position that people can occupy
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structural-functionalist perspective
theoretical perspective that posits that social institutions are structured to maintain stability and order in society
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symbol
Something used to represent or stand for something else
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symbolic interactionism
Theoretical perspective that explains society and social structure through an examination of the micro-level, personal, day-to-day exchanges of people as individuals, pairs, or groups
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triad
Group consisting of three people
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value
standard of judgment by which people decide on desirable goals and outcomes
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