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When does sepsis arise?
body's response to an infection injuries its own tissues and organs
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what can sepsis lead to?
- shock
- multiple organ failure
- death
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what is sepsis?
a life threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection
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what is suspected sepsis?
used to indicate people who might have sepsis and require face to face assessment and consideration of urgent intervention
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what is sepsis most likely to develop from?
infection
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what are some common sources of sepsis?
- meningitis
- pneumonia
- UTI
- cellulitis
- infected wound
- device related infection e.g. catheter, IV
- infection can be suspected but source not obvious
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how many people die from sepsis every year?
about 44,000
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how much are long term complications from sepsis due to delayed diagnosis costing the UK economy every year?
15.6 billion
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how much more likely are you to die from sepsis than ACS or stroke?
6 times more likely
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who is at risk of sepsis?
- >75 years
- frail
- diabetes
- weak immune system
- recent surgery
- recently had a serious illness
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what women are at risk of sepsis?
- just given birth or recently been pregnant
- inc miscarriage or abortion
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what aged babies are at risk of sepsis?
- younger than 1 year
- born prematurely
- mothers has an infection while she was pregnancy
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what are pt receiving chemotherapy?
immunocompromised
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what is step one in recognising sepsis?
- Does the pt look unwell?
- calculate NEWS score
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what is step 2 of recognising sepsis?
confirm suspicion or evidence of infection
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what are the signs and/or symptoms of infection you would be looking out for for step 2 of recognising sepsis?
- Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)/ LRTI
- meningitis
- pneumonia
- UTI
- abdominal pain and Diarrhoea & Vomiting
- cellulitus
- soft tissue infection/ infected wound
- device related infection
- hidden source e.g. pressure sores
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what neurological symptoms may there be?
- new confusion
- headaches
- dizziness
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what respiratory/ cardiovascular may there be?
- cough +/- sputum
- chest pain, palpitations
- raised respiratory rate or effort. SOB (SOBOE)
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what gastrointestinal may there be?
- nausea/ vomiting, altering bowel habits
- abdominal pain
- abdominal distension/ localized tenderness
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what genito-urinary may there be?
- discharge/ STD
- UTI- loin pain on urination, urgency, frequency, back, back pain
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what musculo- skeletal may there be?
hot painful joint +/- non weight bearing
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what are other signs and symptoms?
- dental problems and/or sinus infection
- foreign travel
- exposure to sick contacts
- cellulitis and wounds
- diabetic foot and ulcers
- purpuric rash
- burns
- fatigue
- weight loss
- reduced appetite
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what is step 3 of recognistion of sepsis?
if any one of the following flags are present, red flags sepsis is present
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what are the red flags for sepsis?
- RR ≥25 per min
- HR >130
- SBP <90 mmHg or mean arterial pressure <65 mmHg
- oxygen needed to keep spo2 ≥ 92%
- NEWS ≥ 5
- response to voice pain or is unresponsive
- mottled, ashen or cyanotic
- long term steroids
- anuria in the 18 hours
- recent chemotherapy
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