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Gastrocnemius
- O -Medial head-posterior surface of distal femur just superior to medial condyle;
- -Lateral head-upper posterolateral surface of lateral femoral condyle
I -Via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus
In -Tibial nerve [ S1, S2]
F -Plantarflexes foot and flexes knee
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Plantaris
O -Inferior part of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament of knee
I -Via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus
In -Tibial nerve [S1, S2]
F -Plantarflexes foot and flexes knee
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Soleus
O -Soleal line and medial border of tibia; posterior aspect of fibular head and adjacent surfaces of neck and proximal shaft; tendinous arch between tibial and fibular attachments
I -Via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus
In -Tibial nerve [S1, S2]
F -Plantarflexes the foot
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Popliteus
O -Lateral femoral condyle
I -Posterior surface of proximal tibia
In -Tibial nerve [L4-S1]
- F -Stabilizes knee joint (resists lateral rotation of tibia on femur)
- - Unlocks knee joint (laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia)
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Flexor Hallucis Longus
O -Posterior surface of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane
I -Plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe
In -Tibial nerve [S2, S3]
F -Flexes great toe
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Flexor Digitorum Longus
O -Medial side of posterior surface of the tibia
I -Plantar surfaces of bases of distal phalanges of the lateral four toes
In -Tibial nerve [S2, S3]
F -Flexes lateral four toes
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Tibialis Posterior
O -Posterior surfaces of interosseous membrane and adjacent regions of tibia and fibula
I -Mainly to tuberosity of navicular and adjacent region of medial cuneiform
In -Tibial nerve [L4, L5]
F -Inversion and plantarflexion of foot; support of medial arch of foot during walking
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Fibularis Longus
O -Upper lateral surface of fibula, head of fibula, and occasionally the lateral tibial condyle
I -Undersurface of lateral sides of distal end of medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I
In -Superficial fibular nerve [L5, S1, S2]
F -Eversion and plantarflexion of foot; supports arches of foot
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Tibialis Anterior
O -Lateral surface of tibia and adjacent interosseous membrane
I -Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and adjacent surfaces on base of metatarsal I
In -Deep fibular nerve [L4, L5]
F -Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint; inversion of foot; dynamic support of medial arch of foot
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Fibularis Brevis
O -Lower two-thirds of lateral surface of shaft of fibula
I -Lateral tubercle at base of metatarsal V
In -Superficial fibular nerve [L5, S1, S2]
F -Eversion of foot
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Extensor Hallucis Longus
O -Middle one-half of medial surface of fibula and adjacent surface of interosseous membrane
I -Dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe
In -Deep fibular nerve [L5, S1]
F -Extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot
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Fibularis Tertius
O -Distal part of medial surface of fibula
I -Dorsomedial surface of base of metatarsal V
In -Deep fibular nerve [L5, S1]
F -Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot
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Extensor Digitorum Longus
O -Proximal one-half of medial surface of fibula and related surface of lateral tibial condyle
I -Via dorsal digital expansions into bases of distal and middle phalanges of lateral four toes
In -Deep fibular nerve [L5, S1]
F -Extension of lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of foot
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